महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-45, verse-37

तत्राश्रौषमहं सर्वमेतत्पुरुषसत्तम ।
यथा च नृपतिर्दग्धो देव्यौ ते चेति पाण्डव ॥३७॥

37. tatrāśrauṣamahaṁ sarvametatpuruṣasattama ,
yathā ca nṛpatirdagdho devyau te ceti pāṇḍava.

37. tatra aśrauṣam aham sarvam etat puruṣasattama
yathā ca nṛpatiḥ dagdhaḥ devyau te ca iti pāṇḍava

37. O best among men, O Pāṇḍava, I heard all this there – how the king was cremated, and those two queens as well, thus.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• अहम् (aham) - I

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• एतत् (etat) - this, that

• पुरुषसत्तम (puruṣasattama) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom the speaker is addressing. (O best among men, O foremost of men)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

• च (ca) - and, also

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Referring to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (king, monarch)

• दग्धः (dagdhaḥ) - Burnt in the sense of being cremated in a forest fire. (burnt, consumed by fire, cremated)

• देव्यौ (devyau) - Referring to Gāndhārī and Kuntī. (two queens, two goddesses)

• ते (te) - Refers to the two queens (Gāndhārī and Kuntī). (those two, they two)

• च (ca) - and, also

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of a quotation or indicates the manner. (thus, so, in this way)

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom the speaker is addressing. (O descendant of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

एतत् (etat) - this, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

पुरुषसत्तम (puruṣasattama) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom the speaker is addressing. (O best among men, O foremost of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣasattama

puruṣasattama - best among men, foremost of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+sattama)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Referring to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (king, monarch)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

दग्धः (dagdhaḥ) - Burnt in the sense of being cremated in a forest fire. (burnt, consumed by fire, cremated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dagdha

dagdha - burnt, consumed by fire, cremated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'dah' (to burn)

Root: dah (class 1)

देव्यौ (devyau) - Referring to Gāndhārī and Kuntī. (two queens, two goddesses)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of devī

devī - queen, goddess, lady

ते (te) - Refers to the two queens (Gāndhārī and Kuntī). (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - Marks the end of a quotation or indicates the manner. (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, to whom the speaker is addressing. (O descendant of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

A patronymic derived from Pāṇḍu.