महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-45, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
द्विवर्षोपनिवृत्तेषु पाण्डवेषु यदृच्छया ।
देवर्षिर्नारदो राजन्नाजगाम युधिष्ठिरम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
dvivarṣopanivṛtteṣu pāṇḍaveṣu yadṛcchayā ,
devarṣirnārado rājannājagāma yudhiṣṭhiram.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca dvivarṣa-upanivṛtteṣu pāṇḍaveṣu
yadṛcchayā devarṣiḥ nāradaḥ rājan ājagāma yudhiṣṭhiram

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca rājan dvivarṣa-upanivṛtteṣu pāṇḍaveṣu
yadṛcchayā devarṣiḥ nāradaḥ yudhiṣṭhiram ājagāma

1. Vaiśampāyana said: O King, after two years had passed since the Pāṇḍavas' return, the divine sage (devarṣi) Nārada happened to arrive at Yudhiṣṭhira's.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• द्विवर्ष-उपनिवृत्तेषु (dvivarṣa-upanivṛtteṣu) - after two years of the Pāṇḍavas' return (from their period of exile) (when two years had passed after their return; after two years of their return)

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pāṇḍavas, to the Pāṇḍavas

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

• देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - divine sage

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Janamejaya, to whom Vaiśampāyana is narrating) (O king, ruler)

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived, approached

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother) (Yudhiṣṭhira)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Perfect form of √vac (to speak); 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

द्विवर्ष-उपनिवृत्तेषु (dvivarṣa-upanivṛtteṣu) - after two years of the Pāṇḍavas' return (from their period of exile) (when two years had passed after their return; after two years of their return)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of dvivarṣa-upanivṛtta

dvivarṣa-upanivṛtta - returned after two years

Past Passive Participle

Compound of dvivarṣa (two years) and upanivṛtta (returned, come back)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvivarṣa+upanivṛtta)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• upanivṛtta – returned, come back, retired
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vṛt with prefixes upa and ni
  Prefixes: upa+ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pāṇḍavas, to the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - free will, spontaneity, chance, accident

देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - divine sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarṣi

devarṣi - a divine sage, a sage of divine origin or status

Compound of deva (god) and ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+ṛṣi)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - name of a celebrated divine sage, known for his travels and role as a messenger

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Janamejaya, to whom Vaiśampāyana is narrating) (O king, ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

Perfect form of √gam (to go) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother) (Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; name of the eldest Pāṇḍava