महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-45, verse-19

अथ वायुः समुद्भूतो दावाग्निरभवन्महान् ।
ददाह तद्वनं सर्वं परिगृह्य समन्ततः ॥१९॥

19. atha vāyuḥ samudbhūto dāvāgnirabhavanmahān ,
dadāha tadvanaṁ sarvaṁ parigṛhya samantataḥ.

19. atha vāyuḥ samuddhūtaḥ dāvāgniḥ abhavat mahān
| dadāha tat vanam sarvam parigṛhya samantataḥ

19. atha vāyuḥ samuddhūtaḥ mahān dāvāgniḥ abhavat
tat sarvam vanam samantataḥ parigṛhya dadāha

19. Then, a great wind arose, and a huge forest fire broke out. It burned that entire forest, engulfing it completely from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

• समुद्धूतः (samuddhūtaḥ) - arisen, stirred up

• दावाग्निः (dāvāgniḥ) - forest fire

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, occurred

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, huge

• ददाह (dadāha) - burned

• तत् (tat) - that

• वनम् (vanam) - forest

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• परिगृह्य (parigṛhya) - having engulfed, having surrounded, having seized

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, completely

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, a deity (Vāyu)

Root: vā (class 2)

समुद्धूतः (samuddhūtaḥ) - arisen, stirred up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samuddhūta

samuddhūta - raised, stirred up, agitated, arisen

past passive participle

from root dhū- with prefixes sam- and ud-

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'vāyuḥ'.

दावाग्निः (dāvāgniḥ) - forest fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāvāgni

dāvāgni - forest fire, conflagration

Compound type : tatpurusha (dāva+agni)

• dāva – forest, wood, conflagration, heat
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

महान् (mahān) - great, large, huge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Qualifies 'dāvāgniḥ'.

ददाह (dadāha) - burned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of dah

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Reduplicated perfect tense.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.

वनम् (vanam) - forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Object of 'dadāha'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.

परिगृह्य (parigṛhya) - having engulfed, having surrounded, having seized

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from root grah- with prefix pari- and suffix -ya

Prefix: pari

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive participle, indicates action completed before the main verb.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, completely

(indeclinable)

from samanta (all around) + suffix -tas