महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-45, verse-13

वने स मुनिभिः सर्वैः पूज्यमानो महातपाः ।
त्वगस्थिमात्रशेषः स षण्मासानभवन्नृपः ॥१३॥

13. vane sa munibhiḥ sarvaiḥ pūjyamāno mahātapāḥ ,
tvagasthimātraśeṣaḥ sa ṣaṇmāsānabhavannṛpaḥ.

13. vane sa munibhiḥ sarvaiḥ pūjyamānaḥ mahātapāḥ
tvagasthimātraśeṣaḥ sa ṣaṇmāsān abhavat nṛpaḥ

13. sa nṛpaḥ vane sarvaiḥ munibhiḥ pūjyamānaḥ
mahātapāḥ sa ṣaṇmāsān tvagasthimātraśeṣaḥ abhavat

13. In that forest, the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), revered by all the sages (muni) and performing great austerities (tapas), became reduced to mere skin and bones for six months.

Words meanings summery:

• वने (vane) - in that forest (in the forest, in a grove)

• स (sa) - he (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by the sages (by sages, by ascetics)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (of them) (by all, by everyone)

• पूज्यमानः (pūjyamānaḥ) - being revered (being worshipped, being honored, being revered)

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - one who performs great austerities (tapas) (one with great asceticism, great ascetic)

• त्वगस्थिमात्रशेषः (tvagasthimātraśeṣaḥ) - reduced to merely skin and bones (having only skin and bones remaining)

• स (sa) - he (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• षण्मासान् (ṣaṇmāsān) - for a period of six months (for six months)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (reduced) (became, was)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king, ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

वने (vane) - in that forest (in the forest, in a grove)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

स (sa) - he (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: This is the masculine nominative singular form of `tad`.

मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by the sages (by sages, by ascetics)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, an inspired holy man

Derived from root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (of them) (by all, by everyone)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with `munibhiḥ`.

पूज्यमानः (pūjyamānaḥ) - being revered (being worshipped, being honored, being revered)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūjyamāna

pūjyamāna - being honored, being worshipped

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root `pūj` (to honor, worship) with suffix `-māna`. Passive voice.

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `sa` (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - one who performs great austerities (tapas) (one with great asceticism, great ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - great asceticism, one having great spiritual fervor or austerity

Derived from `mahā` + `tapas`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• tapas – heat, asceticism, austerity, penance
  noun (neuter)
  From root `tap` (to heat, suffer).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `sa` (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

त्वगस्थिमात्रशेषः (tvagasthimātraśeṣaḥ) - reduced to merely skin and bones (having only skin and bones remaining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvagasthimātraśeṣa

tvagasthimātraśeṣa - having only skin and bones remaining

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tvak+asthi+mātra+śeṣa)

• tvak – skin, hide, bark
  noun (feminine)
• asthi – bone
  noun (neuter)
• mātra – only, merely, just
  indeclinable
  Used as a suffix meaning "only" or "mere".
• śeṣa – remaining, residue, rest
  noun (masculine)
  From root `śiṣ` (to leave).
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `sa` (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

स (sa) - he (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: This is the masculine nominative singular form of `tad`.

षण्मासान् (ṣaṇmāsān) - for a period of six months (for six months)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṣaṇmāsa

ṣaṇmāsa - a period of six months

Compound of `ṣaṣ` (six) and `māsa` (month).

Compound type : dvigu (ṣaṣ+māsa)

• ṣaṣ – six
  numeral
• māsa – month, moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes duration of time.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (reduced) (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

Third person singular imperfect active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of `nṛ` (man) and `pa` (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
  Root `nṛ` meaning 'man'.
  Root: nṛ
• pa – protector, guardian, one who drinks
  noun (masculine)
  From root `pā` (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.