महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-77, verse-44

ससार यज्ञियं वीरो विधिवत्स विशां पते ।
तारामृगमिवाकाशे देवदेवः पिनाकधृक् ॥४४॥

44. sasāra yajñiyaṁ vīro vidhivatsa viśāṁ pate ,
tārāmṛgamivākāśe devadevaḥ pinākadhṛk.

44. sasāra yajñiyam vīraḥ vidhivat saḥ viśām pate
tārāmṛgam iva ākāśe devadevaḥ pinākadhṛk

44. viśām pate saḥ vīraḥ yajñiyam vidhivat sasāra
devadevaḥ pinākadhṛk ākāśe tārāmṛgam iva

44. O Lord of the people, that hero (Arjuna) moved along with the horse pertaining to the (Vedic ritual) yajña, according to the sacred injunctions, just as the god of gods, Pinākadhṛk (Śiva), pursues the constellation of the deer (Orion) in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• ससार (sasāra) - He went after/pursued (the horse). (he moved, he went, he roamed)

• यज्ञियम् (yajñiyam) - Pertaining to the sacrificial horse of the (Vedic ritual) yajña. (sacrificial, pertaining to a (Vedic ritual) yajña)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (hero, brave man)

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to the sacred injunctions/ritual (according to rule, properly, ritually)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the 'hero', Arjuna. (he, that)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - Vocative, addressing the listener. (O lord, O master)

• तारामृगम् (tārāmṛgam) - Refers to the constellation Orion, specifically the deer-like form it can represent in Indian astronomy, associated with Prajapati. (constellation of the deer (Orion))

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

• देवदेवः (devadevaḥ) - Refers to Śiva in this context, in the simile with 'pinākadhṛk'. (god of gods, supreme deity)

• पिनाकधृक् (pinākadhṛk) - Refers to Śiva. (wielder of Pināka (Śiva's bow))

Words meanings and morphology

ससार (sasāra) - He went after/pursued (the horse). (he moved, he went, he roamed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of sṛ

Perfect Active

From root sṛ (to go), 3rd person singular.

Root: sṛ (class 1)

यज्ञियम् (yajñiyam) - Pertaining to the sacrificial horse of the (Vedic ritual) yajña. (sacrificial, pertaining to a (Vedic ritual) yajña)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajñiya

yajñiya - sacrificial, holy, pertaining to a (Vedic ritual) yajña

Derived from yajña (Vedic ritual) with suffix -iya.

Note: Qualifies an implied 'hayam' (horse).

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to the sacred injunctions/ritual (according to rule, properly, ritually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from vidhi (rule, precept).

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the 'hero', Arjuna. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Nominative singular of tad in masculine form.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subjects, settlement

Note: Part of the vocative compound 'viśām pate'.

पते (pate) - Vocative, addressing the listener. (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

तारामृगम् (tārāmṛgam) - Refers to the constellation Orion, specifically the deer-like form it can represent in Indian astronomy, associated with Prajapati. (constellation of the deer (Orion))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tārāmṛga

tārāmṛga - constellation of the deer (Orion)

Compound of tārā (star, constellation) and mṛga (deer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tārā+mṛga)

• tārā – star, constellation
  noun (feminine)
• mṛga – deer, wild animal, game
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

देवदेवः (devadevaḥ) - Refers to Śiva in this context, in the simile with 'pinākadhṛk'. (god of gods, supreme deity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devadeva

devadeva - god of gods, supreme deity

Tatpuruṣa compound: deva (god) + deva (god).

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+deva)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)

पिनाकधृक् (pinākadhṛk) - Refers to Śiva. (wielder of Pināka (Śiva's bow))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pinākadhṛk

pinākadhṛk - wielder of Pināka (Śiva's bow)

Compound: Pināka (Śiva's bow) + dhṛk (bearer, wielder). Agent noun from root dhṛ (to bear).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pināka+dhṛ)

• pināka – Śiva's bow
  noun (masculine)
• dhṛ – bearing, holding, wielder
  verbal derivative (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  From root dhṛ (to bear, hold) with agent suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)