महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-77, verse-28

स पूर्वं पितरं श्रुत्वा हतं युद्धे त्वयानघ ।
त्वामागतं च संश्रुत्य युद्धाय हयसारिणम् ।
पितुश्च मृत्युदुःखार्तोऽजहात्प्राणान्धनंजय ॥२८॥

28. sa pūrvaṁ pitaraṁ śrutvā hataṁ yuddhe tvayānagha ,
tvāmāgataṁ ca saṁśrutya yuddhāya hayasāriṇam ,
pituśca mṛtyuduḥkhārto'jahātprāṇāndhanaṁjaya.

28. saḥ pūrvam pitaram śrutvā hatam yuddhe
tvayā anagha tvām āgatam ca saṃśrutya
yuddhāya haya-sāriṇam pituḥ ca
mṛtyu-duḥkha-ārtaḥ ajahāt prāṇān dhanañjaya

28. anagha dhanañjaya saḥ pūrvam pitaram
tvayā yuddhe hatam śrutvā ca tvām
haya-sāriṇam yuddhāya āgatam saṃśrutya
pituḥ mṛtyu-duḥkha-ārtaḥ ca prāṇān ajahāt

28. O sinless one, he (Abhimanyu), having previously heard that a revered elder (lit. 'father') was killed in battle by you, and having also heard that you, a skilled horse-warrior, had arrived for battle, then, distressed by the grief of that father's death, gave up his life, O Dhananjaya (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Abhimanyu (the child's father) (he, that one)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

• पितरम् (pitaram) - a father-figure (e.g., Bhishma or Drona) or his own father (Arjuna, if believed dead) (father)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, having listened

• हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain, struck

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Arjuna) or by your side/actions (by you)

• अनघ (anagha) - O Arjuna (O sinless one, O faultless one)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - Arjuna (you (accusative))

• आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come

• च (ca) - and, also

• संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard, having understood

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

• हय-सारिणम् (haya-sāriṇam) - you, Arjuna, who are a skilled horse-warrior (or charioteer) (chariot-borne warrior, horse-rider, skilled with horses)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of that revered elder (or his own father, as understood by Abhimanyu) (of the father)

• च (ca) - and, also

• मृत्यु-दुःख-आर्तः (mṛtyu-duḥkha-ārtaḥ) - afflicted by the sorrow of death

• अजहात् (ajahāt) - gave up his life (gave up, abandoned, renounced)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his life (lives, vital breaths)

• धनञ्जय (dhanañjaya) - O Arjuna (O winner of wealth, O Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Abhimanyu (the child's father) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

(indeclinable)

पितरम् (pitaram) - a father-figure (e.g., Bhishma or Drona) or his own father (Arjuna, if believed dead) (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, an ancestor, progenitor

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, having listened

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Root: śru (class 5)

हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain, struck

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

Root: han (class 2)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

from root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Arjuna) or by your side/actions (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

अनघ (anagha) - O Arjuna (O sinless one, O faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure, innocent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+agha)

• an – not, un- (negative prefix)
  prefix
• agha – sin, evil, fault, distress
  noun (neuter)

त्वाम् (tvām) - Arjuna (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

from root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

हय-सारिणम् (haya-sāriṇam) - you, Arjuna, who are a skilled horse-warrior (or charioteer) (chariot-borne warrior, horse-rider, skilled with horses)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hayasārin

hayasārin - horse-rider, one who drives horses (in battle), skilled in horses

agent noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haya+sārin)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sārin – going, moving, driving, one who moves/drives
  adjective
  agent noun
  derived from root sṛ with agent suffix -in
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of that revered elder (or his own father, as understood by Abhimanyu) (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, an ancestor

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मृत्यु-दुःख-आर्तः (mṛtyu-duḥkha-ārtaḥ) - afflicted by the sorrow of death

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyuduhkhārta

mṛtyuduhkhārta - afflicted by the pain/sorrow of death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+duḥkha+ārta)

• mṛtyu – death, demise
  noun (masculine)
  from root mṛ
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

अजहात् (ajahāt) - gave up his life (gave up, abandoned, renounced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ajahāt

Prefix: a

Root: hā (class 3)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his life (lives, vital breaths)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life-breath, vital air, life

from pra + an (to breathe)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

धनञ्जय (dhanañjaya) - O Arjuna (O winner of wealth, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - winner of wealth, conqueror of riches (an epithet of Arjuna)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, winning
  noun (masculine)
  from root ji
  Root: ji (class 1)