महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-77, verse-38

तमनार्यं नृशंसं च विस्मृत्यास्य पितामहम् ।
आगस्कारिणमत्यर्थं प्रसादं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥३८॥

38. tamanāryaṁ nṛśaṁsaṁ ca vismṛtyāsya pitāmaham ,
āgaskāriṇamatyarthaṁ prasādaṁ kartumarhasi.

38. tam anāryam nṛśaṃsam ca vismṛtya asya pitāmaham
| āgas-kāriṇam atyartham prasādam kartum arhasi

38. asya pitāmaham tam anāryam nṛśaṃsam ca atyartham
āgas-kāriṇam vismṛtya prasādam kartum arhasi

38. You ought to show kindness (prasāda) to him, forgetting his grandfather who was ignoble, cruel, and exceedingly offensive.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (the child from previous verse) (him, that)

• अनार्यम् (anāryam) - ignoble, unworthy, not noble

• नृशंसम् (nṛśaṁsam) - cruel, wicked, atrocious

• च (ca) - and

• विस्मृत्य (vismṛtya) - having forgotten, disregarding

• अस्य (asya) - of this (child) (his, of him)

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - the grandfather (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (grandfather)

• आगस्-कारिणम् (āgas-kāriṇam) - perpetrator of offense, sinner, transgressor

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

• प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor, kindness, mercy

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to show (mercy) (to do, to make, to perform, to show)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (the child from previous verse) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the child.

अनार्यम् (anāryam) - ignoble, unworthy, not noble

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anārya

anārya - ignoble, unworthy, uncultured

Negative prefix 'an' + ārya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+ārya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• ārya – noble, honorable, cultured
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the grandfather (pitāmaha).

नृशंसम् (nṛśaṁsam) - cruel, wicked, atrocious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, malevolent

Note: Refers to the grandfather (pitāmaha).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विस्मृत्य (vismṛtya) - having forgotten, disregarding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root smṛ (to remember) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Verb form, but functions as indeclinable.

अस्य (asya) - of this (child) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the child.

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - the grandfather (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (grandfather)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great father

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

आगस्-कारिणम् (āgas-kāriṇam) - perpetrator of offense, sinner, transgressor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgas-kārin

āgas-kārin - one who commits offense, transgressor

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (āgas+kārin)

• āgas – offense, fault, sin, crime
  noun (neuter)
• kārin – doing, making, causing (often as suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  Derived from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the grandfather (pitāmaha).

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

(indeclinable)

Compound 'ati' (excessive) + 'artha' (purpose, meaning)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies āgas-kāriṇam.

प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor, kindness, mercy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, kindness, mercy, clearness, calmness

Derived from pra-sad (to be clear, pleased)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to show (mercy) (to do, to make, to perform, to show)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Infinitive functioning as an indeclinable.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)