महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-77, verse-43

ततः सैन्धवकान्योधान्विनिर्जित्य नरर्षभः ।
पुनरेवान्वधावत्स तं हयं कामचारिणम् ॥४३॥

43. tataḥ saindhavakānyodhānvinirjitya nararṣabhaḥ ,
punarevānvadhāvatsa taṁ hayaṁ kāmacāriṇam.

43. tataḥ saindhavakān yodhān vinirjitya nararṣabhaḥ
punaḥ eva anvadhāvat saḥ tam hayam kāmacāriṇam

43. tataḥ nararṣabhaḥ saindhavakān yodhān vinirjitya
saḥ punaḥ eva tam kāmacāriṇam hayam anvadhāvat

43. Then, the best of men (Arjuna), having completely vanquished the Sindhu warriors, again pursued that horse, which was free to roam at will.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• सैन्धवकान् (saindhavakān) - Refers to warriors from the Sindhu region. (the Sindhu people, belonging to Sindhu)

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• विनिर्जित्य (vinirjitya) - having completely conquered

• नरर्षभः (nararṣabhaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (best of men, foremost among men)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'again'. (indeed, only, certainly)

• अन्वधावत् (anvadhāvat) - he pursued, he ran after

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the 'best of men', Arjuna. (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to 'that horse'. (that (masculine singular))

• हयम् (hayam) - Refers to the sacrificial horse being followed. (horse)

• कामचारिणम् (kāmacāriṇam) - Qualifies the horse, indicating its freedom of movement. (moving at will, free to roam)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas (ablative sense) applied to tad.

सैन्धवकान् (saindhavakān) - Refers to warriors from the Sindhu region. (the Sindhu people, belonging to Sindhu)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saindhavaka

saindhavaka - belonging to Sindhu, a resident of Sindhu, a Sindhu warrior

Derived from Sindhu (region/river) with suffix -ka.

Note: Qualifies 'yodhān'.

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

विनिर्जित्य (vinirjitya) - having completely conquered

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root ji (to conquer) with prefixes vi- and nir- and suffix -lyap.

Prefixes: vi+nir

Root: ji (class 1)

नरर्षभः (nararṣabhaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (best of men, foremost among men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - bull among men, best of men, foremost of men

Tatpuruṣa compound: nara (man) + ṛṣabha (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'again'. (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अन्वधावत् (anvadhāvat) - he pursued, he ran after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect Active

From root dhāv (to run) with prefix anu-, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: anu

Root: dhāv (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the 'best of men', Arjuna. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Nominative singular of tad in masculine form.

तम् (tam) - Refers to 'that horse'. (that (masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Accusative singular of tad in masculine form.

हयम् (hayam) - Refers to the sacrificial horse being followed. (horse)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse, steed

From root hi (to go).

Root: hi (class 5)

कामचारिणम् (kāmacāriṇam) - Qualifies the horse, indicating its freedom of movement. (moving at will, free to roam)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmacārin

kāmacārin - moving at will, free to roam, acting according to one's desire

Compound: kāma (desire) + cārin (moving).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+cārin)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
• cārin – moving, wandering, going
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from root car
  From root car (to move, wander) with suffix -in.
  Root: car (class 1)