महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-77, verse-11

एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचो मह्यं कुरुध्वं हितमात्मनः ।
अतोऽन्यथा कृच्छ्रगता भविष्यथ मयार्दिताः ॥११॥

11. etacchrutvā vaco mahyaṁ kurudhvaṁ hitamātmanaḥ ,
ato'nyathā kṛcchragatā bhaviṣyatha mayārditāḥ.

11. etat śrutvā vacaḥ mahyaṃ kurudhvaṃ hitaṃ ātmanaḥ
ataḥ anyathā kṛcchragatāḥ bhaviṣyatha mayā arditāḥ

11. mahyaṃ etat vacaḥ śrutvā ātmanaḥ hitaṃ kurudhvaṃ.
ataḥ anyathā mayā arditāḥ kṛcchragatāḥ bhaviṣyatha

11. Having heard these words of mine, do what is beneficial for your own self (ātman). Otherwise, you will fall into distress, afflicted by me.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech)

• मह्यं (mahyaṁ) - of mine (to me, of me, my)

• कुरुध्वं (kurudhvaṁ) - do for yourselves (do, perform)

• हितं (hitaṁ) - what is beneficial (good, beneficial, welfare)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for your own self (ātman) (of the self, for oneself)

• अतः (ataḥ) - otherwise (in this context, meaning 'from this path') (from this, therefore, otherwise)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

• कृच्छ्रगताः (kṛcchragatāḥ) - fallen into distress, distressed

• भविष्यथ (bhaviṣyatha) - you will be, you will become

• मया (mayā) - by me

• अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - afflicted, tormented, oppressed

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

मह्यं (mahyaṁ) - of mine (to me, of me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

कुरुध्वं (kurudhvaṁ) - do for yourselves (do, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Mood, Middle Voice

Derived from root kṛ, 2nd person plural, imperative mood, middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

हितं (hitaṁ) - what is beneficial (good, beneficial, welfare)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - good, beneficial, advantageous, welfare, benefit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place) and often used as a noun meaning welfare

Root: dhā (class 3)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for your own self (ātman) (of the self, for oneself)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

अतः (ataḥ) - otherwise (in this context, meaning 'from this path') (from this, therefore, otherwise)

(indeclinable)

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

(indeclinable)

कृच्छ्रगताः (kṛcchragatāḥ) - fallen into distress, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛcchragata

kṛcchragata - fallen into distress or difficulty, distressed, troubled

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛcchra+gata)

• kṛcchra – difficulty, trouble, distress, pain
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived at, obtained, fallen into
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

भविष्यथ (bhaviṣyatha) - you will be, you will become

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Tense

Derived from root bhū, 2nd person plural, future tense, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - afflicted, tormented, oppressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ardita

ardita - afflicted, tormented, oppressed, pained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ard (to hurt, afflict)

Root: ard (class 10)