महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-77, verse-18

तथैवापततां तेषां योधानां जयगृद्धिनाम् ।
शिरांसि पातयामास भल्लैः संनतपर्वभिः ॥१८॥

18. tathaivāpatatāṁ teṣāṁ yodhānāṁ jayagṛddhinām ,
śirāṁsi pātayāmāsa bhallaiḥ saṁnataparvabhiḥ.

18. tathā eva āpatatām teṣām yodhānām jayagṛddhinām
śirāṃsi pātayāmāsa bhallaiḥ saṃnataparvabhiḥ

18. tathā eva jayagṛddhinām āpatatām teṣām yodhānām
śirāṃsi saṃnataparvabhiḥ bhallaiḥ pātayāmāsa

18. Similarly, he caused the heads of those attacking warriors, who were eager for victory, to fall with his sharp, broad-headed arrows (bhallaiḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those attacking, of those falling upon

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors, of the fighters

• जयगृद्धिनाम् (jayagṛddhinām) - of those eager for victory, desirous of triumph

• शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he made fall

• भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - with broad-headed arrows/spears

• संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - describing the arrows, implying sharp/effective (with bent joints/nodes, with well-knotted shafts)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those attacking, of those falling upon

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - attacking, falling upon, approaching

present active participle

Derived from the root 'pat' (to fall) with the prefix 'ā' (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām' and 'yodhānām'

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors, of the fighters

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

Root: yudh (class 4)

जयगृद्धिनाम् (jayagṛddhinām) - of those eager for victory, desirous of triumph

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayagṛddhin

jayagṛddhin - eager for victory, desirous of triumph

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+gṛddhin)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• gṛddhin – greedy, eager, desirous
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'yodhānām'

शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head, top, summit

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he made fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

causative perfect

Causative stem 'pātaya' from root 'pat', then perfect tense (ām-pratyaya)

Root: pat (class 1)

भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - with broad-headed arrows/spears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhalla

bhalla - broad-headed arrow, spear

संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - describing the arrows, implying sharp/effective (with bent joints/nodes, with well-knotted shafts)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃnataparvan

saṁnataparvan - having bent joints, well-jointed (especially of arrows)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃnata+parvan)

• saṃnata – bent, bowed, humbled
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from 'sam' + 'nam' (to bend)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – knot, joint, section, limb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'bhallaiḥ'