महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-96, verse-9

तानाह सर्वानृषिमुख्यानगस्त्यः केनादत्तं पुष्करं मे सुजातम् ।
युष्माञ्शङ्के दीयतां पुष्करं मे न वै भवन्तो हर्तुमर्हन्ति पद्मम् ॥९॥

9. tānāha sarvānṛṣimukhyānagastyaḥ; kenādattaṁ puṣkaraṁ me sujātam ,
yuṣmāñśaṅke dīyatāṁ puṣkaraṁ me; na vai bhavanto hartumarhanti padmam.

9. tān āha sarvān ṛṣimukhyān agastyaḥ
kena adattam puṣkaram me su jātam
yuṣmān śaṅke dīyatām puṣkaram me na
vai bhavantaḥ hartum arhanti padmam

9. agastyaḥ tān sarvān ṛṣimukhyān āha,
"su jātam me puṣkaram kena adattam? yuṣmān śaṅke.
me puṣkaram dīyatām.
vai bhavantaḥ padmam hartum na arhanti.
"

9. Agastya then said to all those chief sages, 'By whom was my beautifully born lotus given away? I suspect you; give my lotus back! Indeed, you should not take the lotus.'

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - referring to the Brahmins and sages (those (masculine plural))

• आह (āha) - he said

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (masculine plural)

• ऋषिमुख्यान् (ṛṣimukhyān) - the chief sages, principal seers

• अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (the sage)

• केन (kena) - by whom

• अदत्तम् (adattam) - given away, given

• पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - lotus, lotus flower

• मे (me) - my, to me

• सु (su) - well, good, very

• जातम् (jātam) - beautifully born (grown) (born, produced)

• युष्मान् (yuṣmān) - you (plural)

• शङ्के (śaṅke) - I suspect, I doubt

• दीयताम् (dīyatām) - give it back (to me) (let it be given)

• पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - lotus, lotus flower

• मे (me) - my, to me

• न (na) - not, no

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (honorific plural)

• हर्तुम् (hartum) - to take away, to steal

• अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they should (not) (take) (they are able, they ought, they deserve)

• पद्मम् (padmam) - lotus, lotus flower

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - referring to the Brahmins and sages (those (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

आह (āha) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect (Lit)

Root 'ah' (irregular, perfect form), third person singular active perfect form.

Root: ah

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

ऋषिमुख्यान् (ṛṣimukhyān) - the chief sages, principal seers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣimukhya

ṛṣimukhya - chief sage, principal seer

Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛṣi+mukhya)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (the sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agastya

agastya - Agastya (name of a revered Vedic sage)

केन (kena) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

अदत्तम् (adattam) - given away, given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dā' (to give) with negative prefix 'a-'.

Prefix: a

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Here, 'adattam' is taken as a past passive participle of 'dā' meaning 'given'. The 'a' could be part of an archaic or poetic usage rather than a negative prefix, or implying 'offered' without proper receiver. Given the context of Agastya asking 'by whom was my lotus given?', it implies it was indeed given or taken by someone.

पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - lotus, lotus flower

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, lotus flower, a blue lotus, a lake

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of 'mama'.

सु (su) - well, good, very

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a prefix or intensifying particle.

जातम् (jātam) - beautifully born (grown) (born, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born, to produce).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Here 'sujātam' is a compound, meaning 'well-born' or 'beautifully grown'.

युष्मान् (yuṣmān) - you (plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

शङ्के (śaṅke) - I suspect, I doubt

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śaṅk

Present (Laṭ)

Root 'śaṅk' (1st conjugation, ātmanepada), first person singular active present form.

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

दीयताम् (dīyatām) - give it back (to me) (let it be given)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Imperative (Loṭ)

Root 'dā' (3rd conjugation, ātmanepada, passive voice), third person singular passive imperative form.

Root: dā (class 3)

पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - lotus, lotus flower

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, lotus flower, a blue lotus, a lake

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of 'mama'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (honorific plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (honorific address), being, becoming

Present participle of 'bhū' (to be, become), used as an honorific pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

हर्तुम् (hartum) - to take away, to steal

(verb)

infinitive of hṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root 'hṛ' (1st conjugation, parasmaipada/ātmanepada).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they should (not) (take) (they are able, they ought, they deserve)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present (Laṭ)

Root 'arh' (1st conjugation, parasmaipada), third person plural active present form.

Root: arh (class 1)

पद्मम् (padmam) - lotus, lotus flower

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of padma

padma - lotus, lotus flower