महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-96, verse-36

अष्टक उवाच ।
स राजास्त्वकृतप्रज्ञः कामवृत्तिश्च पापकृत् ।
अधर्मेणानुशास्तूर्वीं यस्ते हरति पुष्करम् ॥३६॥

36. aṣṭaka uvāca ,
sa rājāstvakṛtaprajñaḥ kāmavṛttiśca pāpakṛt ,
adharmeṇānuśāstūrvīṁ yaste harati puṣkaram.

36. aṣṭakaḥ uvāca saḥ rājā astu akṛtaprajñaḥ kāmavṛttiḥ ca
pāpakṛt adharmeṇa anuśāstu urvīm yaḥ te harati puṣkaram

36. aṣṭakaḥ uvāca yaḥ te puṣkaram harati saḥ rājā akṛtaprajñaḥ
ca kāmavṛttiḥ ca pāpakṛt astu adharmeṇa urvīm anuśāstu

36. Aṣṭaka said: "May he be a king devoid of wisdom, acting according to his desires, and a doer of evil; may he rule the earth by unrighteousness (adharmeṇa), the one who takes away your lotus."

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - the sage Aṣṭaka (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• अस्तु (astu) - let him be, may he be

• अकृतप्रज्ञः (akṛtaprajñaḥ) - unwise, unintelligent, devoid of wisdom

• कामवृत्तिः (kāmavṛttiḥ) - acting according to one's own desires, arbitrary conduct

• च (ca) - and, also

• पापकृत् (pāpakṛt) - sinner, doer of evil

• अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness (by unrighteousness, unjustly, contrary to natural law)

• अनुशास्तु (anuśāstu) - let him rule, let him govern

• उर्वीम् (urvīm) - the earth, land

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• ते (te) - your, to you

• हरति (harati) - takes away, steals, carries

• पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - a valuable possession or source of fortune (lotus; water; a dice; a sacred lake; a drum; a valuable possession)

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - the sage Aṣṭaka (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭaka

aṣṭaka - a group of eight; a proper name

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

root √vac, perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अस्तु (astu) - let him be, may he be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of as

imperative active

root √as, imperative 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

अकृतप्रज्ञः (akṛtaprajñaḥ) - unwise, unintelligent, devoid of wisdom

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṛtaprajña

akṛtaprajña - one whose wisdom is not fully developed; unwise, ignorant

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kṛta+prajña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• prajña – wise, intelligent; wisdom, intellect
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

कामवृत्तिः (kāmavṛttiḥ) - acting according to one's own desires, arbitrary conduct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmavṛtti

kāmavṛtti - acting according to desire, arbitrary conduct, free will

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+vṛtti)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• vṛtti – conduct, course of action, livelihood
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पापकृत् (pāpakṛt) - sinner, doer of evil

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpakṛt

pāpakṛt - doer of evil, sinner, wicked

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāpa+kṛt)

• pāpa – sin, evil
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – making, doing, performing
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a nominal agent, qualifying the subject 'he'.

अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness (by unrighteousness, unjustly, contrary to natural law)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety; contrary to natural law (dharma)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अनुशास्तु (anuśāstu) - let him rule, let him govern

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of anuśās

imperative active

root √śās with prefix anu-, imperative 3rd person singular

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

उर्वीम् (urvīm) - the earth, land

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of urvī

urvī - earth, land, ground

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form for genitive or dative.

हरति (harati) - takes away, steals, carries

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of hṛ

present active

root √hṛ, present 3rd person singular

Root: hṛ (class 1)

पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - a valuable possession or source of fortune (lotus; water; a dice; a sacred lake; a drum; a valuable possession)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, blue lotus; water; tip of an elephant's trunk; a drum; a dice; a sacred lake

Note: In contexts of gambling or curses, 'puṣkara' can refer to a dice or a significant stake.