महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-15, verse-51

वृणीष्वाष्टौ वरान्कृष्ण दातास्मि तव सत्तम ।
ब्रूहि यादवशार्दूल यानिच्छसि सुदुर्लभान् ॥५१॥

51. vṛṇīṣvāṣṭau varānkṛṣṇa dātāsmi tava sattama ,
brūhi yādavaśārdūla yānicchasi sudurlabhān.

51. vṛṇīṣva aṣṭau varān kṛṣṇa dātā asmi tava sattama
brūhi yādavaśārdūla yān icchasi sudurlabhān

51. kṛṣṇa sattama aṣṭau varān vṛṇīṣva tava dātā asmi
yādavaśārdūla yān sudurlabhān icchasi brūhi

51. O Krishna, O most excellent one (sattama), choose eight boons; I will grant them to you. O best of the Yadavas (yādavaśārdūla), tell me which extremely rare ones you desire.

Words meanings summery:

• वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, ask for, select

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• वरान् (varān) - boons, wishes

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna

• दाता (dātā) - giver, grantor

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• तव (tava) - your

• सत्तम (sattama) - O best of good men, O most excellent one

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell

• यादवशार्दूल (yādavaśārdūla) - O tiger among Yadavas, O best of Yadavas

• यान् (yān) - which (ones)

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

• सुदुर्लभान् (sudurlabhān) - extremely rare, very difficult to obtain

Words meanings and morphology

वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, ask for, select

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛ

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular, middle voice, imperative of root vṛ

Root: vṛ (class 9)

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(numeral)

Note: Number 'eight' (aṣṭan) takes dual/plural forms. Here, nominative/accusative plural.

वरान् (varān) - boons, wishes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - boon, blessing, wish, choice

Derived from root vṛ

Root: vṛ (class 9)

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna, black, dark

दाता (dātā) - giver, grantor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dātṛ

dātṛ - giver, grantor, donor

Agent Noun

Derived from root dā + tṛc suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Tense

1st person singular, present indicative of root as

Root: as (class 2)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

सत्तम (sattama) - O best of good men, O most excellent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sattama

sattama - best of the good, most excellent

Superlative

Superlative degree of sat (good, existent) + tama suffix

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular, active voice, imperative of root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

यादवशार्दूल (yādavaśārdūla) - O tiger among Yadavas, O best of Yadavas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yādavaśārdūla

yādavaśārdūla - tiger among Yadavas, foremost of Yadavas

Compound 'yādava' (a Yadava) + 'śārdūla' (tiger), indicating the best of a class

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yādava+śārdūla)

• yādava – descendant of Yadu, a member of the Yadu clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

यान् (yān) - which (ones)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - which, who, what

Relative pronoun

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of iṣ

Present Tense

2nd person singular, active voice, present indicative of root iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

सुदुर्लभान् (sudurlabhān) - extremely rare, very difficult to obtain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sudurlabha

sudurlabha - very difficult to obtain, extremely rare

Compound with su (very, good) + dur (difficult) + labha (obtainable)

Compound type : praadi (su+dur+labha)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• dur – difficult, bad
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• labha – obtainable, to be gained
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root labh
  Root: labh (class 1)