महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-144, verse-5

इत्युक्तवचनस्तेन प्रद्युम्नेन तदा त्वहम् ।
प्रत्यब्रुवं महाराज यत्तच्छृणु समाहितः ॥५॥

5. ityuktavacanastena pradyumnena tadā tvaham ,
pratyabruvaṁ mahārāja yattacchṛṇu samāhitaḥ.

5. iti ukta-vacanaḥ tena pradyumnena tadā tu aham
prati-abruvam mahārāja yat tat śṛṇu samāhitaḥ

5. mahārāja pradyumnena tena ukta-vacanaḥ iti tadā
tu aham prati-abruvam yat tat samāhitaḥ śṛṇu

5. When Pradyumna spoke these words, then, O great king, I replied: 'Listen attentively to that which I say.'

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of Pradyumna's speech. (thus, in this manner)

• उक्त-वचनः (ukta-vacanaḥ) - Modifies 'aham' (I), indicating 'I, who was addressed with these words by Pradyumna'. (whose words were spoken, addressed)

• तेन (tena) - Refers to Pradyumna, indicating he is the agent of the speaking. (by him, by that)

• प्रद्युम्नेन (pradyumnena) - by Pradyumna

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तु (tu) - Adds emphasis or a slight contrast. (but, indeed, however (particle))

• अहम् (aham) - The speaker, implied to be Krishna, narrating to a king. (I (first person singular pronoun))

• प्रति-अब्रुवम् (prati-abruvam) - I replied, I spoke back

• महाराज (mahārāja) - The vocative address to the king to whom Krishna is narrating this event. (O great king)

• यत् (yat) - Introduces the object of listening. (which, what)

• तत् (tat) - Correlative to 'yat', referring to the reply Krishna is about to give. (that, it)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - An imperative command to the king to whom the story is being narrated. (listen, hear)

• समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - Modifies the implied 'you' (the king), instructing him to listen with full attention. (attentive, composed, concentrated)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - Marks the end of Pradyumna's speech. (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्त-वचनः (ukta-vacanaḥ) - Modifies 'aham' (I), indicating 'I, who was addressed with these words by Pradyumna'. (whose words were spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta-vacana

ukta-vacana - having spoken words, whose speech is spoken

A bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one to whom words were spoken'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ukta+vacana)

• ukta – spoken, said
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'vac' (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)
• vacana – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root 'vac' (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

तेन (tena) - Refers to Pradyumna, indicating he is the agent of the speaking. (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रद्युम्नेन (pradyumnena) - by Pradyumna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pradyumna

pradyumna - name of a son of Krishna and Rukmini

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - Adds emphasis or a slight contrast. (but, indeed, however (particle))

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - The speaker, implied to be Krishna, narrating to a king. (I (first person singular pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

प्रति-अब्रुवम् (prati-abruvam) - I replied, I spoke back

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of prati-brū

Prefix: prati

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: While often termed Aorist (luṅ), this form is commonly translated as simple past or imperfect.

महाराज (mahārāja) - The vocative address to the king to whom Krishna is narrating this event. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

यत् (yat) - Introduces the object of listening. (which, what)

(relative pronoun)

तत् (tat) - Correlative to 'yat', referring to the reply Krishna is about to give. (that, it)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

शृणु (śṛṇu) - An imperative command to the king to whom the story is being narrated. (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - Modifies the implied 'you' (the king), instructing him to listen with full attention. (attentive, composed, concentrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - collected, concentrated, attentive, composed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'dhā' (to place) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)