महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-144, verse-32

तमुत्पथेन धावन्तमन्वधावं द्विजोत्तमम् ।
तथैव पायसादिग्धः प्रसीद भगवन्निति ॥३२॥

32. tamutpathena dhāvantamanvadhāvaṁ dvijottamam ,
tathaiva pāyasādigdhaḥ prasīda bhagavanniti.

32. tam utpathena dhāvantam anvadhāvam dvija-uttamam
tathā eva pāyasa-digdhaḥ prasīda bhagavan iti

32. utpathena dhāvantam tam dvija-uttamam anvadhāvam
tathā eva pāyasa-digdhaḥ [aham] "bhagavan prasīda" iti

32. I ran after that excellent Brahmin (dvijottama), who was running by the unusual path. I myself, still smeared with rice pudding, pleaded, "Be gracious, O revered one!"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (him, that)

• उत्पथेन (utpathena) - by the unusual path (by a wrong path, by an unusual path)

• धावन्तम् (dhāvantam) - running (running, fleeing)

• अन्वधावम् (anvadhāvam) - I ran after (I ran after, I pursued)

• द्विज-उत्तमम् (dvija-uttamam) - the excellent Brahmin (dvijottama) (the best of Brahmins)

• तथा (tathā) - just so, likewise (so, thus, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - only, indeed (only, just, indeed)

• पायस-दिग्धः (pāyasa-digdhaḥ) - smeared with rice pudding (smeared with milk-porridge, covered with payasa)

• प्रसीद (prasīda) - be gracious (be pleased, be gracious, be propitiated)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one! (O revered one, O illustrious one, O lord)

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, a marker of quotation or conclusion)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the dvijaḥ from the previous verse.

उत्पथेन (utpathena) - by the unusual path (by a wrong path, by an unusual path)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of utpatha

utpatha - wrong path, unusual path, by-path

Tatpurusha compound: ut (up, out of) + patha (path) or meaning 'wrong path'.

धावन्तम् (dhāvantam) - running (running, fleeing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhāvat

dhāvat - running, moving quickly

Present Active Participle

From root √dhāv (to run)

Root: √dhāv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' and 'dvijottamam'.

अन्वधावम् (anvadhāvam) - I ran after (I ran after, I pursued)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anudhā

Imperfect Active

From root √dhāv (to run) with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: √dhāv (class 1)

Note: The initial 'anva-' due to sandhi with 'a' augment.

द्विज-उत्तमम् (dvija-uttamam) - the excellent Brahmin (dvijottama) (the best of Brahmins)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvija-uttama

dvija-uttama - the best of Brahmins, excellent Brahmin

Tatpurusha compound of dvija (Brahmin) and uttama (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth, snake
  noun (masculine)
  Bahuvrihi compound: dvi (two) + ja (born)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of ud

Note: Agrees with 'tam' and 'dhāvantam'.

तथा (tathā) - just so, likewise (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that)

एव (eva) - only, indeed (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

पायस-दिग्धः (pāyasa-digdhaḥ) - smeared with rice pudding (smeared with milk-porridge, covered with payasa)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāyasa-digdha

pāyasa-digdha - smeared with milk-porridge/rice pudding

Instrumental Tatpurusha compound: pāyasa (milk-porridge, instrumental) + digdha (smeared)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāyasa+digdha)

• pāyasa – milk-porridge, rice pudding, food made with milk
  noun (neuter)
• digdha – smeared, anointed, covered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dih (to smear)
  Root: √dih (class 4)

Note: The word 'pāyasā' is in instrumental case, leading to the compound form.

प्रसीद (prasīda) - be gracious (be pleased, be gracious, be propitiated)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prasīd

Imperative Active

From root √sad (to sit, settle) with prefix pra- + sīd (reduplicated for class 6)

Prefix: pra

Root: √sad (class 6)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one! (O revered one, O illustrious one, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, illustrious, divine, fortunate, lord

From bhaga (fortune) + -vat suffix.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, a marker of quotation or conclusion)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the preceding phrase as a direct quote.