महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-83, verse-24

प्रागेवोक्तश्च दोषोऽयमाचार्यैर्नृपसेविनाम् ।
अगतीकगतिर्ह्येषा या राज्ञा सह जीविका ॥२४॥

24. prāgevoktaśca doṣo'yamācāryairnṛpasevinām ,
agatīkagatirhyeṣā yā rājñā saha jīvikā.

24. prāk eva uktaḥ ca doṣaḥ ayam ācāryaiḥ nṛpasevinām
agatīkagatiḥ hi eṣā yā rājñā saha jīvikā

24. prāk eva ca ayam doṣaḥ nṛpasevinām ācāryaiḥ
uktaḥ hi eṣā agatīkagatiḥ yā rājñā saha jīvikā

24. This flaw concerning those who serve kings has already been pointed out by teachers, for living in the service of a king is truly a refuge for those who have no other refuge.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, before, previously

• एव (eva) - indeed, precisely, exactly

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken, stated, declared

• च (ca) - and, also

• दोषः (doṣaḥ) - flaw, fault, defect, sin

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• आचार्यैः (ācāryaiḥ) - by teachers, by preceptors, by masters

• नृपसेविनाम् (nṛpasevinām) - of those who serve kings, of royal servants

• अगतीकगतिः (agatīkagatiḥ) - having no other refuge, resource for the helpless, refuge of the helpless

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• या (yā) - which (feminine)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• जीविका (jīvikā) - livelihood, means of living, subsistence

Words meanings and morphology

प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, before, previously

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, precisely, exactly

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken, stated, declared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, stated

Past Passive Participle

from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दोषः (doṣaḥ) - flaw, fault, defect, sin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, flaw, defect, guilt, sin

Root: duṣ (class 4)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

आचार्यैः (ācāryaiḥ) - by teachers, by preceptors, by masters

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, master

नृपसेविनाम् (nṛpasevinām) - of those who serve kings, of royal servants

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛpasevin

nṛpasevin - serving a king, royal servant

compound of nṛpa and sevin

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+sevin)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
• sevin – serving, attending upon
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sev (class 1)

अगतीकगतिः (agatīkagatiḥ) - having no other refuge, resource for the helpless, refuge of the helpless

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of agatīkagati

agatīkagati - refuge of those who have no other refuge

compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (agatīka+gati)

• agatīka – helpless, having no refuge
  adjective (masculine)
• gati – path, course, refuge, resort
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

या (yā) - which (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

जीविका (jīvikā) - livelihood, means of living, subsistence

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jīvikā

jīvikā - livelihood, subsistence, means of living

Root: jīv (class 1)

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