महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-329, verse-31

अथोवाच नहुषः ।
सर्वं मां शक्रोपभुक्तमुपस्थितमृते शचीमिति ।
स एवमुक्त्वा शचीसमीपमगमदुवाच चैनाम् ।
सुभगेऽहमिन्द्रो देवानां भजस्व मामिति ।
तं शची प्रत्युवाच ।
प्रकृत्या त्वं धर्मवत्सलः सोमवंशोद्भवश्च ।
नार्हसि परपत्नीधर्षणं कर्तुमिति ॥३१॥

31. athovāca nahuṣaḥ ,
sarvaṁ māṁ śakropabhuktamupasthitamṛte śacīmiti ,
sa evamuktvā śacīsamīpamagamaduvāca cainām ,
subhage'hamindro devānāṁ bhajasva māmiti ,
taṁ śacī pratyuvāca ,
prakṛtyā tvaṁ dharmavatsalaḥ somavaṁśodbhavaśca ,
nārhasi parapatnīdharṣaṇaṁ kartumiti.

31. atha uvāca nahuṣaḥ sarvaṃ mām śakra-upabhuktam upasthitam ṛte śacīm iti
saḥ evam uktvā śacī-samīpam agamat uvāca ca enām subhage aham indraḥ
devānām bhajasva mām iti tam śacī pratyuvāca prakṛtyā tvam dharma-vatsalaḥ
soma-vaṃśa-udbhavaḥ ca na arhasi para-patnī-dharṣaṇam kartum iti

31. atha nahuṣaḥ uvāca sarvam śakra-upabhuktam mām upasthitam ṛte śacīm iti
saḥ evam uktvā śacī-samīpam agamat ca enām uvāca subhage aham indraḥ
devānām bhajasva mām iti tam śacī pratyuvāca tvam prakṛtyā dharma-vatsalaḥ
soma-vaṃśa-udbhavaḥ ca na arhasi para-patnī-dharṣaṇam kartum iti

31. Thereupon Nahuṣa said: All that was enjoyed by Śakra is now at my disposal, except for Śacī. Having spoken thus, he went to the presence of Śacī and said to her: O fortunate one, I am the lord of the gods (indra), therefore devote yourself to me. Śacī replied to him: By your very nature you are devoted to righteousness (dharma), and you are born in the lunar dynasty (soma-vaṃśa), therefore you ought not to commit the outrage of violating another man wife.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• नहुषः (nahuṣaḥ) - Nahuṣa (proper name)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• माम् (mām) - to me, me

• शक्र-उपभुक्तम् (śakra-upabhuktam) - enjoyed by Śakra

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - approached, present, attained, at disposal

• ऋते (ṛte) - except, without

• शचीम् (śacīm) - Śacī (wife of Indra)

• इति (iti) - thus (quotation marker)

• सः (saḥ) - he

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken

• शची-समीपम् (śacī-samīpam) - near Śacī, to the presence of Śacī

• अगमत् (agamat) - went

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• च (ca) - and

• एनाम् (enām) - to her, her

• सुभगे (subhage) - O fortunate one

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra, king of the gods

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

• भजस्व (bhajasva) - devote yourself to, serve, accept

• माम् (mām) - me

• इति (iti) - thus

• तम् (tam) - to him, him

• शची (śacī) - Śacī

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

• प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by nature, naturally

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• धर्म-वत्सलः (dharma-vatsalaḥ) - devoted to righteousness, fond of dharma

• सोम-वंश-उद्भवः (soma-vaṁśa-udbhavaḥ) - born in the lunar dynasty

• च (ca) - and

• न (na) - not

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are worthy

• पर-पत्नी-धर्षणम् (para-patnī-dharṣaṇam) - violation of another man's wife

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to commit

• इति (iti) - thus

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

नहुषः (nahuṣaḥ) - Nahuṣa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (proper name of a king)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

माम् (mām) - to me, me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of idam

mad - I, me

शक्र-उपभुक्तम् (śakra-upabhuktam) - enjoyed by Śakra

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śakra-upabhukta

śakra-upabhukta - enjoyed by Śakra

Past Passive Participle

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (śakra+upabhukta)

• śakra – Śakra (Indra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• upabhukta – enjoyed, experienced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: upa
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - approached, present, attained, at disposal

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - approached, present, at hand

Past Passive Participle

upa + sthā

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

ऋते (ṛte) - except, without

(indeclinable)

शचीम् (śacīm) - Śacī (wife of Indra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śacī

śacī - Śacī (name of Indra's wife)

इति (iti) - thus (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken

(verb)

active

absolutive

ktvā suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

शची-समीपम् (śacī-samīpam) - near Śacī, to the presence of Śacī

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śacī-samīpa

śacī-samīpa - near Śacī

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (śacī+samīpa)

• śacī – Śacī
  proper noun (feminine)
• samīpa – nearness, proximity
  noun (neuter)

अगमत् (agamat) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनाम् (enām) - to her, her

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of enad

enad - this, she, her

सुभगे (subhage) - O fortunate one

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of subhaga

subhaga - fortunate, blessed, beautiful

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra, king of the gods

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra, king of the gods, lord

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, divine being

भजस्व (bhajasva) - devote yourself to, serve, accept

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of bhaj

Root: bhaj (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

इति (iti) - thus

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - to him, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

शची (śacī) - Śacī

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śacī

śacī - Śacī

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prativac

prati + vac

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by nature, naturally

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, natural state, original form

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

धर्म-वत्सलः (dharma-vatsalaḥ) - devoted to righteousness, fond of dharma

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-vatsala

dharma-vatsala - devoted to righteousness

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vatsala)

• dharma – righteousness, dharma
  noun (masculine)
• vatsala – fond of, devoted to, affectionate
  adjective (masculine)

सोम-वंश-उद्भवः (soma-vaṁśa-udbhavaḥ) - born in the lunar dynasty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of soma-vaṃśa-udbhava

soma-vaṁśa-udbhava - born in the lunar dynasty

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (soma-vaṃśa+udbhava)

• soma-vaṃśa – lunar dynasty
  noun (masculine)
  tatpurusha compound
• udbhava – origin, born from
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are worthy

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

पर-पत्नी-धर्षणम् (para-patnī-dharṣaṇam) - violation of another man's wife

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para-patnī-dharṣaṇa

para-patnī-dharṣaṇa - violation of another man's wife

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (para-patnī+dharṣaṇa)

• para-patnī – another man's wife
  noun (feminine)
  tatpurusha compound
• dharṣaṇa – violating, assaulting, outraging
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to commit

(verb)

active

infinitive

tumun suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus

(indeclinable)

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