महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-329, verse-18

अथ हिरण्यकशिपुं पुरस्कृत्य विश्वरूपमातरं स्वसारमसुरा वरमयाचन्त ।
हे स्वसरयं ते पुत्रस्त्वाष्ट्रो विश्वरूपस्त्रिशिरा देवानां पुरोहितः प्रत्यक्षं देवेभ्यो भागमददत्परोक्षमस्माकम् ।
ततो देवा वर्धन्ते वयं क्षीयामः ।
तदेनं त्वं वारयितुमर्हसि तथा यथास्मान्भजेदिति ॥१८॥

18. atha hiraṇyakaśipuṁ puraskṛtya viśvarūpamātaraṁ svasāramasurā varamayācanta ,
he svasarayaṁ te putrastvāṣṭro viśvarūpastriśirā devānāṁ purohitaḥ pratyakṣaṁ devebhyo bhāgamadadatparokṣamasmākam ,
tato devā vardhante vayaṁ kṣīyāmaḥ ,
tadenaṁ tvaṁ vārayitumarhasi tathā yathāsmānbhajediti.

18. atha hiraṇyakaśipum puraskṛtya viśvarūpa-mātaram svasāram asurāḥ varam ayācanta
| he svasar ayam te putraḥ tvāṣṭraḥ viśvarūpaḥ triśirāḥ devānām purohitaḥ
pratyakṣam devebhyaḥ bhāgam adadat parokṣam asmākam | tataḥ devāḥ vardhante
vayam kṣīyāmaḥ | tat enam tvam vārayitum arhasi tathā yathā asmān bhajet iti

18. atha asurāḥ hiraṇyakaśipum puraskṛtya viśvarūpa-mātaram svasāram varam ayācanta (ūcuḥ:) "he svasar,
te putraḥ ayam tvāṣṭraḥ viśvarūpaḥ triśirāḥ devānām purohitaḥ (asti) (saḥ) devebhyaḥ pratyakṣam bhāgam adadat,
(tu) asmākam parokṣam (adadat) tataḥ devāḥ vardhante,
vayam (tu) kṣīyāmaḥ tat tvam enam vārayitum arhasi tathā yathā asmān bhajet" iti

18. Then, with Hiraṇyakaśipu at their head, the asuras asked for a boon from Viśvarūpa's mother, who was their sister. They said: "Oh sister, your son Viśvarūpa, son of Tvaṣṭā, who has three heads, is the priest (purohita) of the devas. He gives a share directly to the devas and secretly to us. Consequently, the devas are prospering while we are declining. Therefore, you should prevent him (from doing this) so that he may favor us."

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• हिरण्यकशिपुम् (hiraṇyakaśipum) - Hiraṇyakaśipu (proper noun)

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having made chief

• विश्वरूप-मातरम् (viśvarūpa-mātaram) - Viśvarūpa's mother

• स्वसारम् (svasāram) - sister

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - the asuras

• वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, favor

• अयाचन्त (ayācanta) - they asked, they begged

• हे (he) - Oh!

• स्वसर् (svasar) - Oh sister!

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

• ते (te) - your, of yours

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• त्वाष्ट्रः (tvāṣṭraḥ) - son of Tvaṣṭā

• विश्वरूपः (viśvarūpaḥ) - Viśvarūpa (proper noun), having all forms

• त्रिशिराः (triśirāḥ) - three-headed

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods, of the devas

• पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - priest (purohita), family priest

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly, visibly, in person

• देवेभ्यः (devebhyaḥ) - to the gods, for the gods

• भागम् (bhāgam) - share, portion, part

• अददत् (adadat) - he gave

• परोक्षम् (parokṣam) - secretly, indirectly, invisibly

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of us, to us

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods, the devas

• वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - they grow, they prosper, they increase

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• क्षीयामः (kṣīyāmaḥ) - we are diminishing, wasting away

• तत् (tat) - therefore, that

• एनम् (enam) - Viśvarūpa (him (demonstrative))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular)

• वारयितुम् (vārayitum) - to stop, to prevent

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• यथा (yathā) - so that, as, in order that

• अस्मान् (asmān) - us

• भजेत् (bhajet) - he may favor, serve, attend

• इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

हिरण्यकशिपुम् (hiraṇyakaśipum) - Hiraṇyakaśipu (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hiraṇyakaśipu

hiraṇyakaśipu - Hiraṇyakaśipu (a powerful asura king)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hiraṇya+kaśipu)

• hiraṇya – gold
  noun (neuter)
• kaśipu – cushion, couch, mat; a garment
  noun (masculine)

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having made chief

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with the prefix 'puras'.

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ

विश्वरूप-मातरम् (viśvarūpa-mātaram) - Viśvarūpa's mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viśvarūpa-mātṛ

viśvarūpa-mātṛ - mother of Viśvarūpa

Compound type : tatpurusha (viśvarūpa+mātṛ)

• viśvarūpa – Viśvarūpa (a proper name); having all forms
  proper noun (masculine)
• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)

स्वसारम् (svasāram) - sister

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of svasṛ

svasṛ - sister

असुराः (asurāḥ) - the asuras

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - asura (a class of mythological beings, often opposed to devas); demon

वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, favor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, desired object

अयाचन्त (ayācanta) - they asked, they begged

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of yāc

Root: yāc (class 1)

हे (he) - Oh!

(indeclinable)

स्वसर् (svasar) - Oh sister!

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of svasṛ

svasṛ - sister

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Viśvarūpa.

ते (te) - your, of yours

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

त्वाष्ट्रः (tvāṣṭraḥ) - son of Tvaṣṭā

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvāṣṭra

tvāṣṭra - son or descendant of Tvaṣṭṛ, belonging to Tvaṣṭṛ

Patronymic derived from Tvaṣṭṛ.

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

विश्वरूपः (viśvarūpaḥ) - Viśvarūpa (proper noun), having all forms

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvarūpa

viśvarūpa - Viśvarūpa (a proper name); having all forms, universal form

Compound type : bahuvrihi (viśva+rūpa)

• viśva – all, whole, universal
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

त्रिशिराः (triśirāḥ) - three-headed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of triśiras

triśiras - three-headed (an epithet of Viśvarūpa)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+śiras)

• tri – three
  numeral
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ' and 'viśvarūpaḥ'.

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods, of the devas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - priest (purohita), family priest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - family priest, chaplain, one placed foremost

Compound type : tatpurusha (puras+hita)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, put, appointed, beneficial
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhā' (to place, put).
  Root: dhā

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly, visibly, in person

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (prati+akṣa)

• prati – towards, against, in return
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye, sense organ
  noun (masculine)

देवेभ्यः (devebhyaḥ) - to the gods, for the gods

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

भागम् (bhāgam) - share, portion, part

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, part, division

अददत् (adadat) - he gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

परोक्षम् (parokṣam) - secretly, indirectly, invisibly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (paras+akṣa)

• paras – beyond, behind
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye, sense organ
  noun (masculine)

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of us, to us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods, the devas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - they grow, they prosper, they increase

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

क्षीयामः (kṣīyāmaḥ) - we are diminishing, wasting away

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṣī

Root: kṣī (class 1)

तत् (tat) - therefore, that

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Viśvarūpa (him (demonstrative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (referring to a near or already mentioned person/thing)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

वारयितुम् (vārayitum) - to stop, to prevent

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the causative of the root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 10)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - so that, as, in order that

(indeclinable)

अस्मान् (asmān) - us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

भजेत् (bhajet) - he may favor, serve, attend

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhaj

Root: bhaj (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)