महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-329, verse-12

नैषामुक्षा वर्धते नोत वाहा न गर्गरो मथ्यते संप्रदाने ।
अपध्वस्ता दस्युभूता भवन्ति येषां राष्ट्रे ब्राह्मणा वृत्तिहीनाः ॥१२॥

12. naiṣāmukṣā vardhate nota vāhā; na gargaro mathyate saṁpradāne ,
apadhvastā dasyubhūtā bhavanti; yeṣāṁ rāṣṭre brāhmaṇā vṛttihīnāḥ.

12. na eṣām ukṣā vardhate na uta vāhāḥ
na gargaraḥ mathyate sampradāne
| apadhvastāḥ dasyubhūtāḥ bhavanti
yeṣām rāṣṭre brāhmaṇāḥ vṛttihīnāḥ

12. yeṣām rāṣṭre brāhmaṇāḥ vṛttihīnāḥ,
eṣām ukṣā na vardhate,
uta vāhāḥ na (vardhante) sampradāne gargaraḥ na mathyate (te janāḥ) apadhvastāḥ dasyubhūtāḥ bhavanti

12. Their bulls do not grow, nor do their beasts of burden, nor is the churning vessel churned for offerings, in the kingdom where Brahmins are deprived of livelihood. Such people become ruined and like robbers.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• एषाम् (eṣām) - their (of these, their)

• उक्षा (ukṣā) - bull

• वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, prospers

• न (na) - not, no

• उत (uta) - nor (and also, moreover, or, nor)

• वाहाः (vāhāḥ) - beasts of burden (carriers, beasts of burden, vehicles)

• न (na) - not, no

• गर्गरः (gargaraḥ) - churn, churning vessel

• मथ्यते (mathyate) - is churned

• सम्प्रदाने (sampradāne) - for offerings (implying prosperity that enables offerings) (in the act of giving, in a gift, in the context of offerings)

• अपध्वस्ताः (apadhvastāḥ) - ruined (destroyed, ruined, humiliated)

• दस्युभूताः (dasyubhūtāḥ) - become like robbers (become like robbers/enemies)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become, are, exist

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

• राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom, in the nation

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• वृत्तिहीनाः (vṛttihīnāḥ) - deprived of livelihood, destitute

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एषाम् (eṣām) - their (of these, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this

उक्षा (ukṣā) - bull

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukṣan

ukṣan - bull

वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, prospers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

present middle indicative

root 'vṛdh', 1st class, Atmanepada

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उत (uta) - nor (and also, moreover, or, nor)

(indeclinable)

वाहाः (vāhāḥ) - beasts of burden (carriers, beasts of burden, vehicles)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāha

vāha - carrier, beast of burden, vehicle, flow

Root: vah (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गर्गरः (gargaraḥ) - churn, churning vessel

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gargara

gargara - a churning vessel, a churn, a kind of drum

मथ्यते (mathyate) - is churned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of math

present passive indicative

root 'math', 1st class, Parasmaipada/Atmanepada; passive form

Root: math (class 1)

सम्प्रदाने (sampradāne) - for offerings (implying prosperity that enables offerings) (in the act of giving, in a gift, in the context of offerings)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sampradāna

sampradāna - gift, donation, act of giving, dative case

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dā (class 3)

अपध्वस्ताः (apadhvastāḥ) - ruined (destroyed, ruined, humiliated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apadhvasta

apadhvasta - destroyed, ruined, broken down, humiliated

Past Passive Participle

prefix apa + root dhvaṃs (to fall, to perish)

Prefix: apa

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

दस्युभूताः (dasyubhūtāḥ) - become like robbers (become like robbers/enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyubhūta

dasyubhūta - become a robber/enemy

compound of dasyu and bhūta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dasyu+bhūta)

• dasyu – robber, enemy, barbarian
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, happened, being, creature
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root 'bhū' (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become, are, exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present active indicative

root 'bhū', 1st class, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who

राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom, in the nation

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, nation, country

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, related to Brahma, sacred

वृत्तिहीनाः (vṛttihīnāḥ) - deprived of livelihood, destitute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛttihīna

vṛttihīna - destitute, deprived of livelihood

compound of vṛtti and hīna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtti+hīna)

• vṛtti – livelihood, conduct, existence, state
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• hīna – devoid of, deprived of, inferior, abandoned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root 'hā' (to abandon)
  Root: hā (class 3)