महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-313, verse-22

जनक उवाच ।
न विना ज्ञानविज्ञानं मोक्षस्याधिगमो भवेत् ।
न विना गुरुसंबन्धं ज्ञानस्याधिगमः स्मृतः ॥२२॥

22. janaka uvāca ,
na vinā jñānavijñānaṁ mokṣasyādhigamo bhavet ,
na vinā gurusaṁbandhaṁ jñānasyādhigamaḥ smṛtaḥ.

22. janaka uvāca na vinā jñānavijñānam mokṣasya adhigamaḥ
bhavet na vinā gurusambandham jñānasya adhigamaḥ smṛtaḥ

22. janaka uvāca: jñānavijñānam vinā mokṣasya adhigamaḥ na bhavet.
gurusambandham vinā jñānasya adhigamaḥ na smṛtaḥ.

22. Janaka said: Without discriminative knowledge (jñāna) and direct realization (vijñāna), the attainment of final liberation (mokṣa) is not possible. And without a connection with a spiritual teacher (guru), the acquisition of such knowledge (jñāna) is considered unattainable.

Words meanings summery:

• जनक (janaka) - King Janaka (Janaka (proper name), father, progenitor)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• विना (vinā) - without

• ज्ञानविज्ञानम् (jñānavijñānam) - discriminative knowledge (jñāna) and direct realization (vijñāna) (knowledge and realization/wisdom)

• मोक्षस्य (mokṣasya) - of final liberation (mokṣa) (of liberation)

• अधिगमः (adhigamaḥ) - attainment, acquisition, comprehension

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, might be, would be

• न (na) - not, no

• विना (vinā) - without

• गुरुसम्बन्धम् (gurusambandham) - connection with a spiritual teacher (guru) (connection with a teacher)

• ज्ञानस्य (jñānasya) - of knowledge

• अधिगमः (adhigamaḥ) - attainment, acquisition, comprehension

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered (unattainable) (remembered, declared, considered)

Words meanings and morphology

जनक (janaka) - King Janaka (Janaka (proper name), father, progenitor)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - Janaka (name of a king), father

Root: jan (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect (liṭ)

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

ज्ञानविज्ञानम् (jñānavijñānam) - discriminative knowledge (jñāna) and direct realization (vijñāna) (knowledge and realization/wisdom)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jñānavijñāna

jñānavijñāna - knowledge and realization/wisdom

Compound type : dvandva (jñāna+vijñāna)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• vijñāna – discernment, special knowledge, realization, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'vinā'.

मोक्षस्य (mokṣasya) - of final liberation (mokṣa) (of liberation)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, salvation

From root 'muc' (to release) + suffix 'sa'.

Root: muc (class 6)

अधिगमः (adhigamaḥ) - attainment, acquisition, comprehension

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhigama

adhigama - attainment, acquisition, comprehension

From prefix 'adhi' + root 'gam' (to go).

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, might be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

गुरुसम्बन्धम् (gurusambandham) - connection with a spiritual teacher (guru) (connection with a teacher)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gurusambandha

gurusambandha - connection with a teacher

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+sambandha)

• guru – teacher, spiritual preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• sambandha – connection, relationship
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'sam' + 'bandha' (binding).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Object of 'vinā'.

ज्ञानस्य (jñānasya) - of knowledge

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom

From root 'jñā' (to know) + suffix 'ana'.

Root: jñā (class 9)

अधिगमः (adhigamaḥ) - attainment, acquisition, comprehension

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhigama

adhigama - attainment, acquisition, comprehension

From prefix 'adhi' + root 'gam' (to go).

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered (unattainable) (remembered, declared, considered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, thought of, declared

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root 'smṛ'.

Root: smṛ (class 1)