महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-254, verse-48

इत्युक्त्वा ते महात्मानः सर्वे तत्त्वार्थदर्शिनः ।
ऋषयो यतयः शान्तास्तरसा प्रत्यवेदयन् ॥४८॥

48. ityuktvā te mahātmānaḥ sarve tattvārthadarśinaḥ ,
ṛṣayo yatayaḥ śāntāstarasā pratyavedayan.

48. iti uktvā te mahātmānaḥ sarve tattvārthadarśinaḥ
ṛṣayaḥ yatayaḥ śāntāḥ tarasā pratyavedayan

48. iti uktvā te sarve mahātmānaḥ tattvārthadarśinaḥ
ṛṣayaḥ yatayaḥ śāntāḥ tarasā pratyavedayan

48. Having spoken thus, all those great-souled (mahātman) sages and peaceful ascetics, who discerned the true essence of reality, swiftly declared.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• ते (te) - those, they

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled, noble-minded, great persons

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, entire

• तत्त्वार्थदर्शिनः (tattvārthadarśinaḥ) - perceivers of the true meaning, seers of reality

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics, renunciants, those who strive

• शान्ताः (śāntāḥ) - peaceful, tranquil, calm

• तरसा (tarasā) - swiftly, forcefully, quickly

• प्रत्यवेदयन् (pratyavedayan) - they declared, they reported, they made known

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from vac (to speak) + ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: masculine nominative plural of tad

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled, noble-minded, great persons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted; a great person, a sage

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Also functions as a noun here, referring to 'great souls' (sages/ascetics)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

तत्त्वार्थदर्शिनः (tattvārthadarśinaḥ) - perceivers of the true meaning, seers of reality

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tattvārthadarśin

tattvārthadarśin - perceiver of the true meaning/essence/reality

Compound type : tatpurusha (tattva+artha+darśin)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• darśin – seeing, showing, perceiver, seer
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics, renunciants, those who strive

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yati

yati - ascetic, renunciant; one who strives (from yam 'to restrain')

Root: yam (class 1)

शान्ताः (śāntāḥ) - peaceful, tranquil, calm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śānta

śānta - peaceful, calm, tranquil, pacified

Past Passive Participle

from śam (to be calm) + kta

Root: śam (class 4)

तरसा (tarasā) - swiftly, forcefully, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, singular of taras

taras - speed, force, swiftness

Note: Instrumental singular used adverbially.

प्रत्यवेदयन् (pratyavedayan) - they declared, they reported, they made known

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ved

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural Imperfect Active Parasmaipada

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: From `prati-ava-vid` (causative `vedaya`).