महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-254, verse-26

यस्मादुद्विजते विद्वन्सर्वलोको वृकादिव ।
क्रोशतस्तीरमासाद्य यथा सर्वे जलेचराः ॥२६॥

26. yasmādudvijate vidvansarvaloko vṛkādiva ,
krośatastīramāsādya yathā sarve jalecarāḥ.

26. yasmāt udvijate vidvan sarvalokaḥ vṛkāt iva
krośataḥ tīram āsādya yathā sarve jale-carāḥ

26. vidvan,
yasmāt sarvalokaḥ udvijate,
yathā sarve jale-carāḥ tīram āsādya krośataḥ vṛkāt iva.

26. O learned one, just as all aquatic creatures (jale-carāḥ), upon reaching the shore and because of the crying out, shrink back from a wolf, so too does the entire world shrink back from him (from whom, implied).

Words meanings summery:

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from whom (referring to the person from whom all fear) (from whom, from which, because of which)

• उद्विजते (udvijate) - shrinks back, fears (shrinks back, is disturbed, is agitated, fears)

• विद्वन् (vidvan) - O learned one! (O learned one!, O wise one!)

• सर्वलोकः (sarvalokaḥ) - the entire world, all people (all people, the whole world, mankind)

• वृकात् (vṛkāt) - from a wolf

• इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as, as if)

• क्रोशतः (krośataḥ) - because of the crying out (by the aquatic creatures) (from crying out, from shouting)

• तीरम् (tīram) - the shore (of a body of water) (shore, bank, edge)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - upon reaching, having reached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (aquatic creatures) (all, every)

• जले-चराः (jale-carāḥ) - aquatic creatures (water-dwellers, aquatic creatures)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from whom (referring to the person from whom all fear) (from whom, from which, because of which)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

उद्विजते (udvijate) - shrinks back, fears (shrinks back, is disturbed, is agitated, fears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of udvij

From prefix ut (out, up) + root vij (to tremble, fear). Used in middle voice.

Prefix: ut

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: The verb is implied for the second part of the simile as well.

विद्वन् (vidvan) - O learned one! (O learned one!, O wise one!)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - learned, wise, knowing

Present Active Participle

From root vid (to know) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

सर्वलोकः (sarvalokaḥ) - the entire world, all people (all people, the whole world, mankind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvaloka

sarvaloka - all people, the whole world, mankind

Compound of sarva (all) + loka (world/people).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+loka)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• loka – world, people, region
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Subject of udvijate.

वृकात् (vṛkāt) - from a wolf

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vṛka

vṛka - wolf

Note: Denotes the source of fear.

इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

क्रोशतः (krośataḥ) - because of the crying out (by the aquatic creatures) (from crying out, from shouting)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krośat

krośat - crying out, shouting

Present Active Participle

From root kruś (to cry, shout) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: kruś (class 1)

तीरम् (tīram) - the shore (of a body of water) (shore, bank, edge)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīra

tīra - shore, bank, edge, limit

Note: Object of āsādya.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - upon reaching, having reached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prefix ā + root sad (to sit, settle) with secondary meaning 'to reach'. The gerund is formed with lyaP suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the comparison.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (aquatic creatures) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with jale-carāḥ.

जले-चराः (jale-carāḥ) - aquatic creatures (water-dwellers, aquatic creatures)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalacara

jalacara - water-dweller, aquatic creature

Compound of jala (water) + cara (moving, going).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (jala+cara)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• cara – moving, going, a mover
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root car
  From root car (to move, go) + a suffix.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb udvijante in the comparison.