महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-254, verse-42

अदंशमशके देशे सुखं संवर्धितान्पशून् ।
तांश्च मातुः प्रियाञ्जानन्नाक्रम्य बहुधा नराः ।
बहुदंशकुशान्देशान्नयन्ति बहुकर्दमान् ॥४२॥

42. adaṁśamaśake deśe sukhaṁ saṁvardhitānpaśūn ,
tāṁśca mātuḥ priyāñjānannākramya bahudhā narāḥ ,
bahudaṁśakuśāndeśānnayanti bahukardamān.

42. adaṃśamaśake deśe sukham saṃvardhitān
paśūn tān ca mātuḥ priyān
jānan ākramya bahudhā narāḥ bahudaṃśakuśān
deśān nayanti bahukardamān

42. narāḥ jānan ca tān mātuḥ priyān,
ākramya bahudhā,
paśūn sukham adaṃśamaśake deśe saṃvardhitān,
bahudaṃśakuśān bahukardamān deśān nayanti.

42. Men, knowing these animals to be dear to their mothers, attack them in various ways and lead those creatures—who were raised happily in places free from biting insects and mosquitoes—to lands filled with numerous biting insects, sharp kuśa grass, and deep mud.

Words meanings summery:

• अदंशमशके (adaṁśamaśake) - in a place without biting insects and mosquitoes

• देशे (deśe) - in a place, in a region

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily, easily, comfortably

• संवर्धितान् (saṁvardhitān) - those raised, nourished, brought up

• पशून् (paśūn) - animals, cattle, beasts

• तान् (tān) - those

• च (ca) - and, also

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

• प्रियान् (priyān) - dear, beloved ones

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, understanding

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having overcome, having assaulted

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

• बहुदंशकुशान् (bahudaṁśakuśān) - having many biting insects and kusha grass

• देशान् (deśān) - to places

• नयन्ति (nayanti) - they lead, they carry

• बहुकर्दमान् (bahukardamān) - full of much mud, muddy

Words meanings and morphology

अदंशमशके (adaṁśamaśake) - in a place without biting insects and mosquitoes

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of adaṃśamaśaka

adaṁśamaśaka - without biting insects and mosquitoes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+daṃśa+maśaka)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
  Negation.
• daṃśa – bite, biting insect, gadfly
  noun (masculine)
  Root: daṃś (class 1)
• maśaka – mosquito, gnat
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'deśe'.

देशे (deśe) - in a place, in a region

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

Root: diś (class 6)

सुखम् (sukham) - happily, easily, comfortably

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular used adverbially.

Note: Modifies 'saṃvardhitān'.

संवर्धितान् (saṁvardhitān) - those raised, nourished, brought up

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃvardhita

saṁvardhita - grown, developed, nourished, raised, promoted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛdh' (to grow) with prefix 'sam-' (together, completely).

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

पशून् (paśūn) - animals, cattle, beasts

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, cattle, beast, victim (for sacrifice)

Root: paś

Note: Object of 'nayanti'.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Masculine accusative plural.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the description of the animals.

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Genitive singular of 'mātṛ'.

Note: Possessive, related to 'priyān'.

प्रियान् (priyān) - dear, beloved ones

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of priya

priya - dear, beloved, agreeable, one's own

Root: prī (class 9)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñā

jñā - to know, to understand

Present Active Participle

From root 'jñā' (to know) in the present tense, active voice, nominative singular masculine.

Root: jñā (class 9)

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having overcome, having assaulted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix 'ā-' and root 'kram' (to step, to go).

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix 'dhā'.

Note: Modifies 'ākramya'.

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human, person

Root: nṛ

बहुदंशकुशान् (bahudaṁśakuśān) - having many biting insects and kusha grass

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahudaṃśakuśa

bahudaṁśakuśa - full of many biting insects and kuśa grass

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+daṃśa+kuśa)

• bahu – much, many, numerous
  adjective
• daṃśa – bite, biting insect, gadfly
  noun (masculine)
  Root: daṃś (class 1)
• kuśa – kuśa grass (a sacred grass with sharp blades)
  noun (masculine)

देशान् (deśān) - to places

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deśa

deśa - place, region, country

Masculine accusative plural.

Root: diś (class 6)

नयन्ति (nayanti) - they lead, they carry

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice.

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'narāḥ'.

बहुकर्दमान् (bahukardamān) - full of much mud, muddy

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahukardama

bahukardama - having much mud, very muddy

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+kardama)

• bahu – much, many, numerous
  adjective
• kardama – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛd