महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-254, verse-47

शतं चैकं च रोगाणां सर्वभूतेष्वपातयन् ।
ऋषयस्ते महाभागाः प्रजास्वेव हि जाजले ।
भ्रूणहं नहुषं त्वाहुर्न ते होष्यामहे हविः ॥४७॥

47. śataṁ caikaṁ ca rogāṇāṁ sarvabhūteṣvapātayan ,
ṛṣayaste mahābhāgāḥ prajāsveva hi jājale ,
bhrūṇahaṁ nahuṣaṁ tvāhurna te hoṣyāmahe haviḥ.

47. śatam ca ekam ca rogāṇām sarvabhūteṣu
apātayan ṛṣayaḥ te mahābhāgāḥ
prajāsu eva hi jājalī bhrūṇaham
nahuṣam tvā āhuḥ na te hoṣyāmahe haviḥ

47. jājalī hi te mahābhāgāḥ ṛṣayaḥ śatam ca
ekam ca rogāṇām sarvabhūteṣu apātayan
(te) (tvām) nahuṣam bhrūṇaham āhuḥ
(ca) (ūcuḥ) na te vayam haviḥ hoṣyāmahe

47. Indeed, those greatly blessed sages, O Jājali, unleashed one hundred and one diseases upon all living beings. They called you, Nahuṣa, a killer of Brahmins (bhrūṇahan), declaring: 'We will not offer you oblations.'

Words meanings summery:

• शतम् (śatam) - one hundred (one hundred, a hundred)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• रोगाणाम् (rogāṇām) - of diseases

• सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - upon all living beings (among all beings, upon all creatures)

• अपातयन् (apātayan) - they inflicted (they caused to fall, they inflicted)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

• ते (te) - those (sages) (those, they)

• महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - greatly blessed (highly fortunate, greatly blessed, illustrious)

• प्रजासु (prajāsu) - upon all living beings (among creatures, in offspring)

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• जाजली (jājalī) - O Jājali (proper name)

• भ्रूणहम् (bhrūṇaham) - killer of Brahmins (killer of an embryo/child/Brahmin)

• नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - Nahuṣa (Nahuṣa (accusative))

• त्वा (tvā) - you (you (accusative))

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they called (they said, they spoke, they called)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you (dative singular))

• होष्यामहे (hoṣyāmahe) - we will offer oblation (we will offer oblation, we will sacrifice)

• हविः (haviḥ) - oblation (oblation, sacrificial offering)

Words meanings and morphology

शतम् (śatam) - one hundred (one hundred, a hundred)

(numeral)

Note: Object of apātayan.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single)

(numeral)

Note: With śatam ca means 'one hundred and one'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

रोगाणाम् (rogāṇām) - of diseases

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of roga

roga - disease, sickness, ailment

From root ruj (to break, to pain).

Root: ruj

Note: Partitive genitive, specifying the type of the hundred and one (diseases).

सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - upon all living beings (among all beings, upon all creatures)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures, universal

Compound of sarva (all) + bhūta (being, creature)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to all living beings.

अपातयन् (apātayan) - they inflicted (they caused to fall, they inflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect tense (causative)

Causative of root pat (to fall), Imperfect 3rd plural. The a- is the augment for imperfect.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject is ṛṣayaḥ.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Subject of apātayan and āhuḥ.

ते (te) - those (sages) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to ṛṣayaḥ.

महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - greatly blessed (highly fortunate, greatly blessed, illustrious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - highly fortunate, greatly blessed, illustrious, noble

Compound of mahā (great) + bhāga (fortune, share)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies ṛṣayaḥ.

प्रजासु (prajāsu) - upon all living beings (among creatures, in offspring)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, creatures, subjects, people

Compound of pra (forth) + root jan (to be born).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to living beings in general.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Intensifier.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

जाजली (jājalī) - O Jājali (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of jājalī

jājalī - Jājali (name of a sage)

भ्रूणहम् (bhrūṇaham) - killer of Brahmins (killer of an embryo/child/Brahmin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrūṇahan

bhrūṇahan - killer of an embryo, foetus, child, or Brahmin

Compound of bhrūṇa (embryo/child) + han (killer).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhrūṇa+han)

• bhrūṇa – embryo, foetus, child, a young Brahmin
  noun (neuter)
• han – killer, striker
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative accusative, describing Nahuṣa.

नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - Nahuṣa (Nahuṣa (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (a legendary king)

Note: Direct object of āhuḥ.

त्वा (tvā) - you (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic accusative singular. Emphasizing 'you yourself'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they called (they said, they spoke, they called)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of brū

Perfect tense

Perfect 3rd plural (irregular form).

Root: brū (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you (dative singular))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic dative singular. Recipient of the oblation.

होष्यामहे (hoṣyāmahe) - we will offer oblation (we will offer oblation, we will sacrifice)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of hu

Future tense

Future 1st plural (s-future).

Root: hu (class 3)

हविः (haviḥ) - oblation (oblation, sacrificial offering)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of havis

havis - oblation, sacrificial offering, ghee, butter

From root hu (to offer).

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Direct object of hoṣyāmahe.