महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-254, verse-3

अध्यगा नैष्ठिकीं बुद्धिं कुतस्त्वामिदमागतम् ।
एतदाचक्ष्व मे सर्वं निखिलेन महामते ॥३॥

3. adhyagā naiṣṭhikīṁ buddhiṁ kutastvāmidamāgatam ,
etadācakṣva me sarvaṁ nikhilena mahāmate.

3. adhi-agāḥ naiṣṭhikīm buddhim kutaḥ tvām idam
āgatam etat ācakṣva me sarvam nikhilena mahāmate

3. mahāmate kutaḥ idam naiṣṭhikīm buddhim tvām
adhi-agāḥ āgatam etat sarvam nikhilena me ācakṣva

3. From where did this ultimate wisdom come to you? Tell me all this in detail, O great-minded one.

Words meanings summery:

• अधि-अगाः (adhi-agāḥ) - you acquired (this ultimate wisdom) (you obtained, you understood, you acquired)

• नैष्ठिकीम् (naiṣṭhikīm) - final, ultimate, firm, resolute

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect, understanding, wisdom

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where?, whence?, why?

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• इदम् (idam) - this (wisdom) (this)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - came (to you) (come, arrived)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, explain

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

• निखिलेन (nikhilena) - in detail, completely

• महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one

Words meanings and morphology

अधि-अगाः (adhi-agāḥ) - you acquired (this ultimate wisdom) (you obtained, you understood, you acquired)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of adhi-i

Aorist

Second person singular, Aorist tense (luṅ), active voice. Original Devanagari 'अध्यगा' can be interpreted as 'adhi-agāḥ' in a metrical context.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: The Devanagari is `adhyagā` (long a), which is sometimes used as 2nd singular aorist without visarga, or can be 3rd singular aorist of `adhi-gam`. Given `tvām` later, 2nd person is preferred.

नैष्ठिकीम् (naiṣṭhikīm) - final, ultimate, firm, resolute

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of naiṣṭhika

naiṣṭhika - final, ultimate, firm, resolute, complete

Derived from niṣṭhā (end, firm resolution).

Note: Modifies 'buddhim'.

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect, understanding, wisdom

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, reason, wisdom, perception

Derived from √budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where?, whence?, why?

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here indicating 'to you' or 'for you'.

इदम् (idam) - this (wisdom) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the wisdom.

आगतम् (āgatam) - came (to you) (come, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'idam'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, explain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ā-cakṣ

Imperative (Lot)

Second person singular of the Imperative mood in middle voice (lot) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Can also be genitive.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Used here as a noun, 'everything'.

निखिलेन (nikhilena) - in detail, completely

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nikhila

nikhila - entire, whole, complete, all

Note: Used adverbially.

महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, sagacious, intelligent

Compound of mahā (great) and mat (mind, intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mat)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• mati – mind, intelligence, understanding, thought
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)