महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-254, verse-46

ऋषयो यतयो ह्येतन्नहुषे प्रत्यवेदयन् ।
गां मातरं चाप्यवधीर्वृषभं च प्रजापतिम् ।
अकार्यं नहुषाकार्षीर्लप्स्यामस्त्वत्कृते भयम् ॥४६॥

46. ṛṣayo yatayo hyetannahuṣe pratyavedayan ,
gāṁ mātaraṁ cāpyavadhīrvṛṣabhaṁ ca prajāpatim ,
akāryaṁ nahuṣākārṣīrlapsyāmastvatkṛte bhayam.

46. ṛṣayaḥ yatayaḥ hi etat nahuṣe prati
avedayan gām mātaram ca api avadhīḥ
vṛṣabham ca prajāpatim akāryam
nahuṣa akārṣīḥ lapsyāmaḥ tvatkṛte bhayam

46. (ca ūcuḥ) hi ṛṣayaḥ yatayaḥ etat nahuṣe prati avedayan (ca) (he) nahuṣa,
tvaṃ gām mātaram ca api vṛṣabham prajāpatim ca avadhīḥ tvaṃ akāryam akārṣīḥ (ataḥ) tvatkṛte vayam bhayam lapsyāmaḥ

46. Indeed, the sages and ascetics reported this to Nahuṣa: 'You killed the cow, who is like a mother, and the bull, who is like the lord of creatures (Prajāpati). O Nahuṣa, you have committed an improper deed. We will surely suffer fear because of your actions.'

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

• यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics (ascetics, renunciants, striving ones)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• एतत् (etat) - this (matter/statement) (this, this one, it)

• नहुषे (nahuṣe) - to Nahuṣa (to/for Nahuṣa)

• प्रति (prati) - (indicating direction towards Nahuṣa) (towards, against, in relation to, each)

• अवेदयन् (avedayan) - they reported (they reported, they made known)

• गाम् (gām) - the cow (cow (accusative singular))

• मातरम् (mātaram) - your mother (implied comparison/respect) (mother, a mother)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• अवधीः (avadhīḥ) - you killed (you killed, you struck)

• वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) - the bull (bull, lord, best of its kind)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रजापतिम् (prajāpatim) - lord of creatures (Prajāpati) (lord of creatures, creator, Prajāpati (a deity))

• अकार्यम् (akāryam) - an improper deed (wrong deed, improper act, what should not be done)

• नहुष (nahuṣa) - O Nahuṣa

• अकार्षीः (akārṣīḥ) - you have committed (you did, you made)

• लप्स्यामः (lapsyāmaḥ) - we will experience (we will obtain, we will get, we will experience)

• त्वत्कृते (tvatkṛte) - because of your actions (for your sake, because of you, due to you)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, danger)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Subject of pratyavedayan.

यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics (ascetics, renunciants, striving ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yati

yati - ascetic, renunciant, one who strives, controlled

From root yat (to strive, restrain)

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Also subject of pratyavedayan.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (matter/statement) (this, this one, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, it

Note: Direct object of pratyavedayan.

नहुषे (nahuṣe) - to Nahuṣa (to/for Nahuṣa)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (a legendary king, became Indra, then fell)

Note: Recipient of the report.

प्रति (prati) - (indicating direction towards Nahuṣa) (towards, against, in relation to, each)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preverb.

अवेदयन् (avedayan) - they reported (they reported, they made known)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vid

Imperfect tense (causative)

Causative of root vid (to know), ṇic, Imperfect 3rd plural. With prati, means to announce/report to.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject is ṛṣayaḥ and yatayaḥ.

गाम् (gām) - the cow (cow (accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, bull, ox, earth, ray of light

मातरम् (mātaram) - your mother (implied comparison/respect) (mother, a mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother, a divine mother, origin

Note: Appositional to gām, referring to the cow as a motherly figure.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अवधीः (avadhīḥ) - you killed (you killed, you struck)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of han

Aorist

Aorist 2nd singular (injunctive), with augment a- and -īḥ ending.

Root: han (class 2)

वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) - the bull (bull, lord, best of its kind)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛṣabha

vṛṣabha - bull, lord, chief, best of its kind, leader

From root vṛṣ (to sprinkle, shower, impart)

Root: vṛṣ

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रजापतिम् (prajāpatim) - lord of creatures (Prajāpati) (lord of creatures, creator, Prajāpati (a deity))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prajāpati

prajāpati - lord of creatures, progenitor, creator, a specific deity (Brahma)

Compound of prajā (offspring, creatures) + pati (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajā+pati)

• prajā – offspring, progeny, creatures, subjects
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

अकार्यम् (akāryam) - an improper deed (wrong deed, improper act, what should not be done)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akārya

akārya - not to be done, improper, wrong deed, what should not be done

Gerundive

Compound of a (not) + kārya (to be done).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kārya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• kārya – to be done, duty, action, business
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Future passive participle from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Direct object of akārṣīḥ.

नहुष (nahuṣa) - O Nahuṣa

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (a legendary king)

अकार्षीः (akārṣīḥ) - you have committed (you did, you made)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist

Aorist 2nd singular (s-aorist).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

लप्स्यामः (lapsyāmaḥ) - we will experience (we will obtain, we will get, we will experience)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of labh

Future tense

Future 1st plural (s-future).

Root: labh (class 1)

त्वत्कृते (tvatkṛte) - because of your actions (for your sake, because of you, due to you)

(indeclinable)

Compound of tvad (you) + kṛta (done/made). Used as an indeclinable (locative of a nominalized adjective).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvad+kṛta)

• tvad – you, your
  pronoun
• kṛta – done, made, performed, deed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, danger)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, danger, apprehension

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Direct object of lapsyāmaḥ.