महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-254, verse-23

नद्यां यथा चेह काष्ठमुह्यमानं यदृच्छया ।
यदृच्छयैव काष्ठेन संधिं गच्छेत केनचित् ॥२३॥

23. nadyāṁ yathā ceha kāṣṭhamuhyamānaṁ yadṛcchayā ,
yadṛcchayaiva kāṣṭhena saṁdhiṁ gaccheta kenacit.

23. nadyām yathā ca iha kāṣṭham uhyamānam yadṛcchayā
yadṛcchayā eva kāṣṭhena sandhim gaccheta kenacit

23. yathā iha nadyām yadṛcchayā uhyamānam kāṣṭham,
yadṛcchayā eva kenacit kāṣṭhena sandhim gaccheta

23. Just as a piece of wood, drifting in a river by chance, may encounter another piece of wood, purely by chance.

Words meanings summery:

• नद्याम् (nadyām) - in the river, on the river

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• च (ca) - and, also

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

• काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - a piece of wood, a log, wood

• उह्यमानम् (uhyamānam) - being carried, being borne, floating

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• काष्ठेन (kāṣṭhena) - with a piece of wood, by a log

• सन्धिम् (sandhim) - union, conjunction, contact, meeting

• गच्छेत (gaccheta) - may go, may reach, may meet, may attain

• केनचित् (kenacit) - with some other piece of wood (with some (other), with any (other))

Words meanings and morphology

नद्याम् (nadyām) - in the river, on the river

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Feminine noun ending in ī.

Note: Place where the action occurs.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/time.

काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - a piece of wood, a log, wood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, a piece of wood, stick, log

Note: Subject.

उह्यमानम् (uhyamānam) - being carried, being borne, floating

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uhyamāna

uhyamāna - being carried, being borne, floating, drifting

Present Passive Participle

From root vah (to carry) + yamāna (passive participle suffix).

Root: vah (class 1)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - free will, spontaneity, chance, accident

From yad (what) + ṛcchā (desire, will).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yad+ṛcchā)

• yad – what, which, that
  pronoun (neuter)
  Demonstrative/relative pronoun.
• ṛcchā – wish, desire, will
  noun (feminine)
  From root ṛch (to go, move, attain), or possibly icchā (desire).
  Root: ṛch (class 6)

Note: Modifies uhyamānam.

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - free will, spontaneity, chance, accident

From yad (what) + ṛcchā (desire, will).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yad+ṛcchā)

• yad – what, which, that
  pronoun (neuter)
  Demonstrative/relative pronoun.
• ṛcchā – wish, desire, will
  noun (feminine)
  From root ṛch (to go, move, attain), or possibly icchā (desire).
  Root: ṛch (class 6)

Note: This is the second yadṛcchayā in the verse.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: After yadṛcchayā, means 'purely by chance'.

काष्ठेन (kāṣṭhena) - with a piece of wood, by a log

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, a piece of wood, stick, log

Note: Co-agent or means for sandhim gaccheta.

सन्धिम् (sandhim) - union, conjunction, contact, meeting

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sandhi

sandhi - union, conjunction, connection, contact, meeting, treaty, euphonic combination

From sam + dhā (to place, join) + i.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

गच्छेत (gaccheta) - may go, may reach, may meet, may attain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of gam

Optative mood.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for kāṣṭham.

केनचित् (kenacit) - with some other piece of wood (with some (other), with any (other))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kimcit

kimcit - someone, something, any, some

Indefinite pronoun: kim (what/who) + cit (emphatic/indefinite).

Note: Modifies an implied kāṣṭhena or acts as an indefinite instrumental.