महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-8, verse-45

एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु वचनं व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ।
मुहूर्तं समनुध्याय धृतराष्ट्रोऽभ्यभाषत ॥४५॥

45. etacchrutvā tu vacanaṁ vyāsasyāmitatejasaḥ ,
muhūrtaṁ samanudhyāya dhṛtarāṣṭro'bhyabhāṣata.

45. etat śrutvā tu vacanam vyāsasya amitatejasaḥ
muhūrtam samanudhyāya dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ abhyabhāṣata

45. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ tu amitatejasaḥ vyāsasya etat vacanam śrutvā,
muhūrtam samanudhyāya,
abhyabhāṣata.

45. Having heard these words from Vyāsa, who possessed immeasurable splendor, Dhṛtarāṣṭra reflected deeply for a moment and then spoke in reply.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• व्यासस्य (vyāsasya) - of Vyāsa

• अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of immeasurable splendor/energy

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for a short time

• समनुध्याय (samanudhyāya) - having reflected deeply, having meditated thoroughly

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke in reply, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Modifies 'vacanam'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: A particle used for emphasis or transition.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

व्यासस्य (vyāsasya) - of Vyāsa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a sage, compiler of the Vedas and Mahabharata)

अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of immeasurable splendor/energy

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amitatejas

amitatejas - of immeasurable splendor, having unlimited energy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+tejas)

• amita – immeasurable, unlimited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (negative)
  Derived from root 'mā' (to measure) with prefix 'a' (negation).
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 2)
• tejas – splendor, energy, brilliance, vitality
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'vyāsasya'.

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for a short time

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - moment, instant (a specific unit of time, traditionally 48 minutes)

Note: Used as an adverbial accusative indicating duration.

समनुध्याय (samanudhyāya) - having reflected deeply, having meditated thoroughly

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) with prefixes

Derived from root 'dhyā' (to think, meditate) with upasargas 'sam' and 'anu'. The suffix '-ya' indicates absolutive after a prefixed verb.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: dhyā (class 1)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
  noun (neuter)

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke in reply, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhbhāṣ

Root 'bhāṣ' (to speak) with upasarga 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)