महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-8, verse-14

अध्रुवे जीवलोके च स्थाने वाशाश्वते सति ।
जीविते मरणान्ते च कस्माच्छोचसि भारत ॥१४॥

14. adhruve jīvaloke ca sthāne vāśāśvate sati ,
jīvite maraṇānte ca kasmācchocasi bhārata.

14. adhruve jīvaloke ca sthāne vā aśāśvate sati
jīvite maraṇānte ca kasmāt śocasi bhārata

14. bhārata adhruve jīvaloke ca aśāśvate vā
sthāne sati ca maraṇānte jīvite kasmāt śocasi

14. O scion of Bharata, in this transient world of living beings, and in a realm that is not eternal, and in a life that culminates in death, why do you lament?

Words meanings summery:

• अध्रुवे (adhruve) - in the impermanent, in the transient

• जीवलोके (jīvaloke) - in the world of living beings

• च (ca) - and

• स्थाने (sthāne) - in the place, in the realm

• वा (vā) - or

• अशाश्वते (aśāśvate) - in the non-eternal, in the impermanent

• सति (sati) - being, existing

• जीविते (jīvite) - in life

• मरणान्ते (maraṇānte) - at the end of death, ending in death

• च (ca) - and

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what, why

• शोचसि (śocasi) - you grieve, you lament

• भारत (bhārata) - O scion of Bharata

Words meanings and morphology

अध्रुवे (adhruve) - in the impermanent, in the transient

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of adhruva

adhruva - not permanent, transient, unstable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dhruva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dhruva – fixed, firm, permanent, constant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'jīvaloke' or 'sthāne' implied as neuter.

जीवलोके (jīvaloke) - in the world of living beings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jīvaloka

jīvaloka - world of living beings, mortal world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīva+loka)

• jīva – living, existing, soul, life
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्थाने (sthāne) - in the place, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, abode, realm

Root: sthā (class 1)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अशाश्वते (aśāśvate) - in the non-eternal, in the impermanent

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of aśāśvata

aśāśvata - not eternal, impermanent, perishable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śāśvata)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śāśvata – eternal, perpetual, constant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'sthāne'.

सति (sati) - being, existing

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, true, good

Present Active Participle

Locative singular of the present participle of 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

जीविते (jīvite) - in life

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, existence

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Nominalized form of the past passive participle of jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

मरणान्ते (maraṇānte) - at the end of death, ending in death

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of maraṇānta

maraṇānta - ending in death, up to death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maraṇa+anta)

• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'jīvite'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what, why

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why (interrogative pronoun)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'.

शोचसि (śocasi) - you grieve, you lament

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O scion of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior