महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-199, verse-48

तत्र भीष्मेण राज्ञा च धर्मप्रणयने कृते ।
पाण्डवाः समपद्यन्त खाण्डवप्रस्थवासिनः ॥४८॥

48. tatra bhīṣmeṇa rājñā ca dharmapraṇayane kṛte ,
pāṇḍavāḥ samapadyanta khāṇḍavaprasthavāsinaḥ.

48. tatra bhīṣmeṇa rājñā ca dharmapraṇayane kṛte
pāṇḍavāḥ samapadyanta khāṇḍavaprasthavāsinaḥ

48. After the establishment of natural law (dharma) by Bhīṣma and the king, the Pāṇḍavas became residents of Khāṇḍavaprastha.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Duryodhana in context) (by the king)

• च (ca) - and, also

• धर्मप्रणयने (dharmapraṇayane) - in the establishment of natural law, in the administration of justice

• कृते (kṛte) - having been done, performed, made, after performing

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• समपद्यन्त (samapadyanta) - they became, they attained, they came to be

• खाण्डवप्रस्थवासिनः (khāṇḍavaprasthavāsinaḥ) - residents of Khāṇḍavaprastha

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata, son of Śāntanu and Gaṅgā)

Note: Agent in the locative absolute construction.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Duryodhana in context) (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Agent in the locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

धर्मप्रणयने (dharmapraṇayane) - in the establishment of natural law, in the administration of justice

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharmapraṇayana

dharmapraṇayana - establishment of natural law (dharma), administration of justice, application of law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+praṇayana)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• praṇayana – leading, conducting, application, establishment
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from verbal root 'nī' (to lead) with prefix 'pra' and nominalizing suffix 'lyuṭ'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'kṛte'.

कृते (kṛte) - having been done, performed, made, after performing

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, finished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with 'kta' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Subject of 'samapadyanta'.

समपद्यन्त (samapadyanta) - they became, they attained, they came to be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sampad

Imperfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person plural

Augment 'a' + prefix 'sam' + root 'pad' in middle voice formation.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

खाण्डवप्रस्थवासिनः (khāṇḍavaprasthavāsinaḥ) - residents of Khāṇḍavaprastha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of khāṇḍavaprasthavāsin

khāṇḍavaprasthavāsin - resident of Khāṇḍavaprastha

Compound of 'khāṇḍavaprastha' and 'vāsin' (dweller).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (khāṇḍavaprastha+vāsin)

• khāṇḍavaprastha – Khāṇḍavaprastha (name of a city/region)
  proper noun (neuter)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant, resident
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vas' (to dwell) with 'ṇini' suffix.
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Predicative nominative with 'samapadyanta'.