महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-13, verse-22

तद्दारग्रहणे यत्नं संतत्यां च मनः कुरु ।
पुत्रकास्मन्नियोगात्त्वमेतन्नः परमं हितम् ॥२२॥

22. taddāragrahaṇe yatnaṁ saṁtatyāṁ ca manaḥ kuru ,
putrakāsmanniyogāttvametannaḥ paramaṁ hitam.

22. tat dāragrahaṇe yatnam saṁtatyām ca manaḥ kuru
putraka asmat niyogāt tvam etat naḥ paramam hitam

22. "Therefore, O son, exert yourself in marrying and turn your mind towards progeny. This, by our command, is our greatest good."

22. לכן השקע מאמץ בלקיחת אישה והפנה את מחשבתך אל הולדת צאצאים. בני, זו הוראתנו, וזה הטוב העליון שלנו.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore (therefore, that)

• दारग्रहणे (dāragrahaṇe) - in the act of marrying (in taking a wife, in marriage)

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - an effort (effort, endeavor, exertion)

• संतत्याम् (saṁtatyām) - towards begetting progeny (in progeny, in offspring)

• च (ca) - and

• मनः (manaḥ) - your mind (as the object of 'kuru') (mind, thought, intention)

• कुरु (kuru) - make (an effort), turn (your mind) (do, make, perform)

• पुत्रक (putraka) - O son (addressing Jaratkāru) (O son, dear boy)

• अस्मत् (asmat) - from us (the ancestors) (from us, by us)

• नियोगात् (niyogāt) - by our command (by instruction, by command)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Jaratkāru) (you (nom. sg.))

• एतत् (etat) - this (situation, i.e., marrying and having progeny) (this (neuter nom. sg.))

• नः (naḥ) - our (ancestors') (our, of us)

• परमम् (paramam) - greatest (highest, greatest, supreme)

• हितम् (hitam) - (our) greatest good/welfare (good, welfare, benefit, beneficial)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore (therefore, that)

(indeclinable)

दारग्रहणे (dāragrahaṇe) - in the act of marrying (in taking a wife, in marriage)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāra+grahaṇa)

• dāra – wife, spouse
  noun (masculine)
• grahaṇa – taking, seizing, obtaining
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From √grah
  Root: grah (class 9)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - an effort (effort, endeavor, exertion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

action noun

From √yat

Root: yat (class 1)

संतत्याम् (saṁtatyām) - towards begetting progeny (in progeny, in offspring)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṁtati

saṁtati - progeny, offspring, lineage, continuation

action noun

From √tan with sam- prefix

Prefix: sam

Root: tan (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मनः (manaḥ) - your mind (as the object of 'kuru') (mind, thought, intention)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, intention

कुरु (kuru) - make (an effort), turn (your mind) (do, make, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुत्रक (putraka) - O son (addressing Jaratkāru) (O son, dear boy)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putraka

putraka - little son, dear son (diminutive/affectionate term for putra)

diminutive of putra

अस्मत् (asmat) - from us (the ancestors) (from us, by us)

(pronoun)

Ablative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us, our

Note: Ablative plural, acting as a component in 'asmat-niyogāt'.

नियोगात् (niyogāt) - by our command (by instruction, by command)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, injunction, appointment, obligation

action noun

From √yuj with ni- prefix

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Ablative singular. Here it forms a compound-like structure 'asmat-niyogāt' (by our command).

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Jaratkāru) (you (nom. sg.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

एतत् (etat) - this (situation, i.e., marrying and having progeny) (this (neuter nom. sg.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

नः (naḥ) - our (ancestors') (our, of us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us, our

परमम् (paramam) - greatest (highest, greatest, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, greatest, supreme, best

हितम् (hitam) - (our) greatest good/welfare (good, welfare, benefit, beneficial)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, welfare, well-being

past passive participle

From √dhā

Root: dhā (class 3)

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