महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-13, verse-17

अनाथास्तेन नाथेन यथा दुष्कृतिनस्तथा ।
कस्त्वं बन्धुरिवास्माकमनुशोचसि सत्तम ॥१७॥

17. anāthāstena nāthena yathā duṣkṛtinastathā ,
kastvaṁ bandhurivāsmākamanuśocasi sattama.

17. anāthāḥ tena nāthena yathā duṣkṛtinaḥ tathā
kaḥ tvam bandhuḥ iva asmākam anuśocasi sattama

17. Just as evildoers are helpless, so are we, though we have that (supposed) protector. Who are you, O excellent one, who grieves for us as if you were a kinsman?

Words meanings summery:

• अनाथाः (anāthāḥ) - helpless, unprotected (helpless, without a protector, forlorn)

• तेन (tena) - by that (supposed) protector (by him, by that)

• नाथेन (nāthena) - by the protector (Jaratkāru) (by a protector, by a lord)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• दुष्कृतिनः (duṣkṛtinaḥ) - evildoers (evildoers, wicked persons, sinners)

• तथा (tathā) - so, likewise (so, thus, likewise, in that manner)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (singular))

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman (kinsman, relative, friend)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - for us, our (of us, our)

• अनुशोचसि (anuśocasi) - you grieve for (us) (you lament, you grieve for)

• सत्तम (sattama) - O excellent one (O best of good men, O most excellent one)

Words meanings and morphology

अनाथाः (anāthāḥ) - helpless, unprotected (helpless, without a protector, forlorn)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anātha

anātha - without a master, unprotected, helpless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+nātha)

• a – not, un-, without
  prefix
• nātha – lord, master, protector, refuge
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the ancestors.

तेन (tena) - by that (supposed) protector (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Jaratkāru, implying 'in spite of having him as'.

नाथेन (nāthena) - by the protector (Jaratkāru) (by a protector, by a lord)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nātha

nātha - lord, master, protector, refuge

Note: Agrees with tena.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

दुष्कृतिनः (duṣkṛtinaḥ) - evildoers (evildoers, wicked persons, sinners)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duṣkṛtin

duṣkṛtin - an evildoer, a sinner, wicked person

agent noun

from dus-kṛ (to do evil)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+kṛtin)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  prefix
• kṛtin – one who does, skilled, doer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - so, likewise (so, thus, likewise, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to yathā.

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

Note: Interrogative pronoun, nominative singular masculine.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman (kinsman, relative, friend)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - relative, kinsman, friend, connection

Root: bandh (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - for us, our (of us, our)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

Note: Genitive indicating 'for whose sake'.

अनुशोचसि (anuśocasi) - you grieve for (us) (you lament, you grieve for)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of śuc

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

सत्तम (sattama) - O excellent one (O best of good men, O most excellent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sattama

sattama - best of the good, most excellent

superlative of sat (good, existent)

Root: as (class 2)