महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-13, verse-3

कस्य पुत्रः स राजासीत्सर्पसत्रं य आहरत् ।
स च द्विजातिप्रवरः कस्य पुत्रो वदस्व मे ॥३॥

3. kasya putraḥ sa rājāsītsarpasatraṁ ya āharat ,
sa ca dvijātipravaraḥ kasya putro vadasva me.

3. kasya putraḥ sa rājā āsīt sarpasatram yaḥ āharat
saḥ ca dvijātipravaraḥ kasya putraḥ vadasva me

3. Whose son was that king who performed the serpent sacrifice? And whose son was that foremost among the twice-born? Please tell me.

Words meanings summery:

• कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• स (sa) - that (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• सर्पसत्रम् (sarpasatram) - the serpent sacrifice (serpent sacrifice)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• आहरत् (āharat) - performed (performed, brought, offered)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• द्विजातिप्रवरः (dvijātipravaraḥ) - the foremost among the twice-born (foremost among the twice-born)

• कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• वदस्व (vadasva) - tell (tell, speak)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

Words meanings and morphology

कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Possessive, modifies putraḥ.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Predicate nominative with rājā and āsīt.

स (sa) - that (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies rājā.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of āsīt. Refers to Janamejaya.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Linking verb.

सर्पसत्रम् (sarpasatram) - the serpent sacrifice (serpent sacrifice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarpasatra

sarpasatra - serpent sacrifice

tatpurusha compound: sarpa (serpent) + satra (sacrifice)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarpa+satra)

• sarpa – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sṛp (class 1)
• satra – sacrifice, sacrificial session
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from √sad with tra suffix
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of āharat.

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of āharat. Refers to rājā.

आहरत् (āharat) - performed (performed, brought, offered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √hṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Imperfect of ā-√hṛ.

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of implicit 'was'. Refers to Āstīka.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

द्विजातिप्रवरः (dvijātipravaraḥ) - the foremost among the twice-born (foremost among the twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijātipravara

dvijātipravara - foremost of the twice-born

tatpurusha compound: dvijāti (twice-born) + pravara (foremost)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvijāti+pravara)

• dvijāti – twice-born (brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya)
  noun (masculine)
  compound dvi+jāti
• pravara – chief, principal, excellent, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  from √vṛ with pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies saḥ.

कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Possessive, modifies putraḥ.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Predicate nominative.

वदस्व (vadasva) - tell (tell, speak)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of √vad

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Sūta.

मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Indirect object of vadasva.