योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-45, verse-39

स्वभावो दृश्यवैरस्यमेव तत्त्वविदो निजः ।
दृश्यस्पन्दनमेवाहुरतत्त्वज्ञत्वमुत्तमाः ॥ ३९ ॥

svabhāvo dṛśyavairasyameva tattvavido nijaḥ ,
dṛśyaspandanamevāhuratattvajñatvamuttamāḥ 39

39. svabhāvaḥ dṛśyavairasyam eva tattvavidaḥ nijaḥ
dṛśyaspandanam eva āhuḥ atattvajñatvam uttamāḥ

39. tattvavidaḥ nijaḥ svabhāvaḥ dṛśyavairasyam eva.
uttamāḥ dṛśyaspandanam eva atattvajñatvam āhuḥ.

39. The intrinsic nature (svabhāva) of a knower of reality (tattvavit) is indeed an aversion to objects (dṛśya). The wise (uttamāḥ) declare that the agitation caused by objects (dṛśya) is precisely the state of not knowing reality (atattvajñatvam).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वभावः (svabhāvaḥ) - intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (inherent nature, intrinsic nature, disposition)

• दृश्यवैरस्यम् (dṛśyavairasyam) - aversion to the perceived/objects

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• तत्त्वविदः (tattvavidaḥ) - of a knower of reality (tattvavit) (of one who knows the truth/reality)

• निजः (nijaḥ) - own, inherent, natural

• दृश्यस्पन्दनम् (dṛśyaspandanam) - the agitation of objects/the perceived

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• अतत्त्वज्ञत्वम् (atattvajñatvam) - the state of not knowing reality (atattvajñatvam) (the state of not knowing the truth/reality)

• उत्तमाः (uttamāḥ) - the wise (uttamāḥ) (excellent ones, superior ones, the wise)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वभावः (svabhāvaḥ) - intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (inherent nature, intrinsic nature, disposition)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - inherent nature, intrinsic disposition, dharma

From 'sva' (own) + root 'bhū' (to be) + 'a'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)

• sva – self, own
  pronoun/adjective (masculine)
• bhāva – state of being, existence, nature, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhū' (to be) + 'ghañ'.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

दृश्यवैरस्यम् (dṛśyavairasyam) - aversion to the perceived/objects

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśyavairasya

dṛśyavairasya - distaste for objects, aversion to the visible world

Compound of 'dṛśya' (perceived) and 'vairasya' (distaste).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛśya+vairasya)

• dṛśya – perceived, visible, object of sight
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
  From root 'dṛś' (to see) + 'yat'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• vairasya – distaste, aversion, unpleasantness, lack of charm
  noun (neuter)
  From 'virasa' (tasteless) + 'ya' (abstract noun suffix).

Note: Predicate nominative for 'svabhāvaḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'dṛśyavairasyam'.

तत्त्वविदः (tattvavidaḥ) - of a knower of reality (tattvavit) (of one who knows the truth/reality)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tattvavid

tattvavid - knower of truth/reality, philosopher

Compound of 'tattva' (truth/reality) and 'vid' (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+vid)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
  From 'tat' (that) + 'tva' (abstract suffix).
• vid – knower, wise person
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vid' (to know) + 'kvip'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'svabhāvaḥ'.

निजः (nijaḥ) - own, inherent, natural

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nija

nija - own, inherent, belonging to oneself, constant

Derived from 'ni' + 'ja' (born).

Note: Agrees with 'svabhāvaḥ'.

दृश्यस्पन्दनम् (dṛśyaspandanam) - the agitation of objects/the perceived

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛśyaspandana

dṛśyaspandana - agitation caused by objects, vibration of the perceived

Compound of 'dṛśya' (perceived) and 'spandana' (vibration/agitation).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛśya+spandana)

• dṛśya – perceived, visible, object of sight
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
  From root 'dṛś' (to see) + 'yat'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• spandana – vibration, throbbing, agitation, movement
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'spad' (to throb) + 'lyuT'.
  Root: spad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'dṛśyaspandanam'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

From root 'vac' (to speak), 3rd person plural perfect. Often used with a present sense in classical Sanskrit.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'uttamāḥ'.

अतत्त्वज्ञत्वम् (atattvajñatvam) - the state of not knowing reality (atattvajñatvam) (the state of not knowing the truth/reality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atattvajñatva

atattvajñatva - state of not knowing reality, ignorance of truth

Compound of 'a' (not), 'tattvajña' (knower of reality), and 'tva' (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tattvajña+tva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• tattvajña – knower of truth/reality
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'tattva' (truth) and 'jña' (knower).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• tva – -ness, -hood (suffix forming abstract nouns)
  suffix (neuter)
  Abstract noun suffix.

Note: Predicate accusative to 'āhuḥ', object of their declaration.

उत्तमाः (uttamāḥ) - the wise (uttamāḥ) (excellent ones, superior ones, the wise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, principal

Superlative form of 'ud' (up).

Note: Subject of 'āhuḥ'.