योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-22, verse-16

शतं कलियुगानां च हरेर्बुद्धदशाशतम् ।
शौकराजतयैवाप्तं स्मरामि मुनिनायक ॥ १६ ॥

śataṃ kaliyugānāṃ ca harerbuddhadaśāśatam ,
śaukarājatayaivāptaṃ smarāmi munināyaka 16

16. śatam kaliyugānām ca hareḥ buddhadaśāśatam
śokarājatayā eva āptam smarāmi munināyaka

16. munināyaka smarāmi śatam kaliyugānām ca
hareḥ buddhadaśāśatam śokarājatayā eva āptam

16. O leader of sages, I recall that Hari's manifestation as the Buddha, extending for a hundred Kali Yugas and lasting a hundred periods, was attained simply by his being the King of the Śākyas.

Words meanings summery:

• शतम् (śatam) - Referring to the duration of the Buddha incarnation, a hundred Kali Yugas. (a hundred)

• कलियुगानाम् (kaliyugānām) - Referring to the Kali Yuga, the current and last of the four great epochs. (of Kali Yugas)

• च (ca) - Connects 'a hundred Kali Yugas' with 'a hundred Buddha-periods'. (and, also)

• हरेः (hareḥ) - Referring to Hari (Vishnu) in his Buddha incarnation. (of Hari, of Vishnu)

• बुद्धदशाशतम् (buddhadaśāśatam) - A hundred periods or phases of Hari's manifestation as the Buddha. (a hundred Buddha-periods)

• शोकराजतया (śokarājatayā) - This word, `śokarājatayā` (by the state of being 'king of sorrow'), appears to be a scribal variant or textual error for `śākyarājatayā` (by the state of being 'king of the Śākyas'), which refers to the historical Buddha's royal lineage as a prince of the Śākya clan. (by the state of being Śokarāja (king of sorrow); by the state of being a Śākya king (contextual))

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that it was simply or precisely by being the king of the Śākyas. (merely, only, indeed)

• आप्तम् (āptam) - The specified periods/incarnation were achieved or manifested. (attained, obtained, reached)

• स्मरामि (smarāmi) - The speaker (a sage) is recounting this knowledge. (I remember, I recall)

• मुनिनायक (munināyaka) - A vocative address to a prominent sage, indicating the audience of the discourse. (O leader of sages)

Words meanings and morphology

शतम् (śatam) - Referring to the duration of the Buddha incarnation, a hundred Kali Yugas. (a hundred)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śata

śata - hundred

Numeral, often used to indicate a large quantity or duration.

Note: Object of 'smarāmi', implicitly referring to Kali Yugas.

कलियुगानाम् (kaliyugānām) - Referring to the Kali Yuga, the current and last of the four great epochs. (of Kali Yugas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaliyuga

kaliyuga - Kali Yuga (the last of the four yugas, characterized by decline)

Compound name of a cosmic time period.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kali+yuga)

• kali – the losing throw of dice; the name of the fourth and worst age of the world
  noun (masculine)
• yuga – age, epoch, yoke, pair
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by 'śatam'.

च (ca) - Connects 'a hundred Kali Yugas' with 'a hundred Buddha-periods'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

हरेः (hareḥ) - Referring to Hari (Vishnu) in his Buddha incarnation. (of Hari, of Vishnu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of hari

hari - Hari, Vishnu (a name of Vishnu)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Possessive, linked to 'buddhadaśāśatam'.

बुद्धदशाशतम् (buddhadaśāśatam) - A hundred periods or phases of Hari's manifestation as the Buddha. (a hundred Buddha-periods)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of buddhadaśāśata

buddhadaśāśata - a hundred periods/states of Buddha

Compound of 'buddha' (Buddha), 'daśā' (period/state), and 'śata' (hundred).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (buddha+daśā+śata)

• buddha – awakened, enlightened (referring to Buddha avatar)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root budh (to awaken), used as a noun for the avatar.
  Root: budh (class 1)
• daśā – period, condition, state, phase
  noun (feminine)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
  Numeral

Note: Object of 'smarāmi'.

शोकराजतया (śokarājatayā) - This word, `śokarājatayā` (by the state of being 'king of sorrow'), appears to be a scribal variant or textual error for `śākyarājatayā` (by the state of being 'king of the Śākyas'), which refers to the historical Buddha's royal lineage as a prince of the Śākya clan. (by the state of being Śokarāja (king of sorrow); by the state of being a Śākya king (contextual))

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śokarājatā

śokarājatā - the state of being a king of sorrow

Derived from 'śokarāja' + feminine abstract suffix '-tā'. Contextually, it implies 'śākyarājatā'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+rāja+tā)

• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• tā – state, condition, -ness
  suffix (feminine)
  Suffix for forming abstract feminine nouns

Note: Indicates the means by which the Buddha periods were attained.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that it was simply or precisely by being the king of the Śākyas. (merely, only, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

आप्तम् (āptam) - The specified periods/incarnation were achieved or manifested. (attained, obtained, reached)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āp

āp - to obtain, reach, attain

Past Passive Participle

Root āp (to obtain) with prefix ā and suffix -ta, neuter accusative singular

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

स्मरामि (smarāmi) - The speaker (a sage) is recounting this knowledge. (I remember, I recall)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of smṛ

Present active indicative

Root smṛ, 1st conjugation (bhvādi), parasmaipada, 1st person singular

Root: smṛ (class 1)

मुनिनायक (munināyaka) - A vocative address to a prominent sage, indicating the audience of the discourse. (O leader of sages)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of munināyaka

munināyaka - leader of sages, chief ascetic

Compound of 'muni' (sage) and 'nāyaka' (leader)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+nāyaka)

• muni – sage, ascetic, silent one
  noun (masculine)
• nāyaka – leader, chief, guide
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  Derived from root nī (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Direct address to a sage.

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