योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-64, verse-53

अनुभूतिं विना तत्त्वं खण्डादेर्नानुभूयते ।
अनुभूतिं विना रूपं नात्मनश्चानुभूयते ॥ ५३ ॥

anubhūtiṃ vinā tattvaṃ khaṇḍādernānubhūyate ,
anubhūtiṃ vinā rūpaṃ nātmanaścānubhūyate 53

53. anubhūtim vinā tattvam khaṇḍādeḥ na anubhūyate
anubhūtim vinā rūpam na ātmanaḥ ca anubhūyate

53. anubhūtim vinā khaṇḍādeḥ tattvam na anubhūyate
anubhūtim vinā ca ātmanaḥ rūpam na anubhūyate

53. Without direct experience, the true essence (tattva) of things like sugar-candy is not perceived. And without direct experience, the very nature (rūpa) of the self (ātman) is also not perceived.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुभूतिम् (anubhūtim) - experience, perception

• विना (vinā) - without, except

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - reality, truth, essence, principle

• खण्डादेः (khaṇḍādeḥ) - of a piece of sugar-candy, etc.

• न (na) - not

• अनुभूयते (anubhūyate) - is experienced, is perceived

• अनुभूतिम् (anubhūtim) - experience, perception

• विना (vinā) - without, except

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature, appearance

• न (na) - not

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अनुभूयते (anubhūyate) - is experienced, is perceived

Words meanings and morphology

अनुभूतिम् (anubhūtim) - experience, perception

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anubhūti

anubhūti - experience, perception, realization

Derived from root `bhū` (to be) with `anu` prefix and `kti` suffix.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of `vinā`.

विना (vinā) - without, except

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case here.

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - reality, truth, essence, principle

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - reality, truth, essence, principle, element

Derived from `tat` (that) + `tva` (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Subject of the first clause.

खण्डादेः (khaṇḍādeḥ) - of a piece of sugar-candy, etc.

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of khaṇḍādi

khaṇḍādi - a piece of sugar-candy, etc. (indicating a category of simple sensory objects)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (khaṇḍa+ādi)

• khaṇḍa – piece, fragment, sugar-candy
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  noun/indeclinable (masculine)

Note: Possessive, indicating what `tattvam` belongs to.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अनुभूयते (anubhūyate) - is experienced, is perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Tense, Passive Voice

Passive form of root `bhū` with `anu` prefix.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The main verb for the first clause.

अनुभूतिम् (anubhūtim) - experience, perception

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anubhūti

anubhūti - experience, perception, realization

Derived from root `bhū` (to be) with `anu` prefix and `kti` suffix.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of `vinā`.

विना (vinā) - without, except

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case here.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature, appearance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, nature, beauty

Note: Subject of the second clause.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, individual essence, (ātman)

Note: Possessive, indicating what `rūpam` belongs to.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

अनुभूयते (anubhūyate) - is experienced, is perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Tense, Passive Voice

Passive form of root `bhū` with `anu` prefix.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The main verb for the second clause.

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