योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-64, verse-42

अयमेतावतैवात्मा त्रातो भवति राघव ।
यदपास्य विमूढत्वमहंकारः प्रमार्ज्यते ॥ ४२ ॥

ayametāvataivātmā trāto bhavati rāghava ,
yadapāsya vimūḍhatvamahaṃkāraḥ pramārjyate 42

42. ayam etāvatā eva ātmā trātaḥ bhavati rāghava
yat apāsya vimūḍhatvam ahaṅkāraḥ pramārjyate

42. rāghava ayam ātmā etāvatā eva trātaḥ bhavati
yat vimūḍhatvam apāsya ahaṅkāraḥ pramārjyate

42. O Rāghava, the self (ātman) is saved by this alone: when, upon abandoning complete delusion, the ego (ahaṅkāra) is thoroughly eradicated.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• एतावता (etāvatā) - by this much, by so much, to this extent

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, essence

• त्रातः (trātaḥ) - saved, protected, delivered

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (addressing the divine prince) (descendant of Raghu, O Rāma)

• यत् (yat) - when, as a result of which (which, what, that (conjunction))

• अपास्य (apāsya) - having thrown away, having cast off, abandoning

• विमूढत्वम् (vimūḍhatvam) - state of utter delusion, complete foolishness

• अहङ्कारः (ahaṅkāraḥ) - ego, egoism, self-conceit

• प्रमार्ज्यते (pramārjyate) - is completely wiped away, is cleansed, is removed

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

एतावता (etāvatā) - by this much, by so much, to this extent

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, this much, so far

Derived from etat + -vat

Note: Pronominal adjective, agrees with an implied 'means' or 'cause'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, essence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, individual soul (ātman), Supreme Soul (Brahman)

त्रातः (trātaḥ) - saved, protected, delivered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trāta

trāta - saved, protected, delivered, preserved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √trā (to protect, save)

Root: trā (class 2)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhū

Present Indicative

Root: bhū (class 1)

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (addressing the divine prince) (descendant of Raghu, O Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, a name for Rāma

यत् (yat) - when, as a result of which (which, what, that (conjunction))

(indeclinable)

अपास्य (apāsya) - having thrown away, having cast off, abandoning

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from prefix apa- + root √as (to throw) + suffix -ya

Prefix: apa

Root: as (class 2)

विमूढत्वम् (vimūḍhatvam) - state of utter delusion, complete foolishness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vimūḍhatva

vimūḍhatva - state of utter delusion, complete foolishness, great stupidity

Derived from vimūḍha (completely deluded) + -tva (suffix forming abstract nouns)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vimūḍha+tva)

• vimūḍha – completely deluded, utterly foolish, bewildered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from prefix vi- + root √muh (to be confused, deluded)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muh (class 4)
• tva – state, nature, -ness, -hood (suffix forming abstract nouns)
  noun (neuter)
  Suffix forming abstract nouns

अहङ्कारः (ahaṅkāraḥ) - ego, egoism, self-conceit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahaṅkāra

ahaṅkāra - ego, egoism, self-conceit, sense of 'I' (ahaṅkāra)

Derived from aham (I) + kāra (maker, doer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (aham+kāra)

• aham – I
  pronoun
• kāra – maker, doer, causing, producing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रमार्ज्यते (pramārjyate) - is completely wiped away, is cleansed, is removed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of pramārj

Present Indicative

Derived from prefix pra- + root √mṛj (to wipe, cleanse)

Prefix: pra

Root: mṛj (class 2)

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