योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-64, verse-32

यस्मिन्देशमरौ तज्ज्ञो नास्ति सज्जनपादपः ।
सफलः शीतलच्छायो न तत्र निवसेद्बुधः ॥ ३२ ॥

yasmindeśamarau tajjño nāsti sajjanapādapaḥ ,
saphalaḥ śītalacchāyo na tatra nivasedbudhaḥ 32

32. yasmin deśamarau tatjñaḥ na asti sajjanapādapaḥ
saphalaḥ śītalacchāyaḥ na tatra nivaset budhaḥ

32. yasmin deśamarau tatjñaḥ saphalaḥ śītalacchāyaḥ
sajjanapādapaḥ na asti tatra budhaḥ na nivaset

32. In a desert-like land where there is no virtuous person (sajjana) who is discerning (tatjña) and like a tree (pādapa) – one that is fruitful (saphala) and provides cool shade (śītalacchāya) – a wise person (budha) should not reside.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which (referring to a type of land) (in which)

• देशमरौ (deśamarau) - in a region that is like a desert (in a desert land)

• तत्ज्ञः (tatjñaḥ) - discerning, understanding (the nature of things, or the present situation) (knowing that, expert, wise, discerning)

• न (na) - not

• अस्ति (asti) - exists, is present (is, exists)

• सज्जनपादपः (sajjanapādapaḥ) - a virtuous individual offering support and comfort like a tree (a good person who is like a tree)

• सफलः (saphalaḥ) - productive, providing beneficial results (like a tree provides fruit) (fruitful, successful, with fruit)

• शीतलच्छायः (śītalacchāyaḥ) - providing comforting, refreshing presence (cool-shaded, having cool shade)

• न (na) - not

• तत्र (tatra) - in such a place (without good company) (there, in that place)

• निवसेत् (nivaset) - should choose not to live (should dwell, should reside)

• बुधः (budhaḥ) - an intelligent and discerning individual (wise person, learned one)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which (referring to a type of land) (in which)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

देशमरौ (deśamarau) - in a region that is like a desert (in a desert land)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśamaru

deśamaru - desert land, a region like a desert

Compound type : karmadhāraya (deśa+maru)

• deśa – place, country, region
  noun (masculine)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• maru – desert, wilderness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛ (class 1)

तत्ज्ञः (tatjñaḥ) - discerning, understanding (the nature of things, or the present situation) (knowing that, expert, wise, discerning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tatjña

tatjña - knowing that, expert, wise, discerning

`tad` (that) + `jña` (knowing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+jña)

• tad – that, this
  pronoun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, understanding, knower
  adjective
  From root `jñā` (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - exists, is present (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, Active voice

3rd person singular present of root `as`

Root: as (class 2)

सज्जनपादपः (sajjanapādapaḥ) - a virtuous individual offering support and comfort like a tree (a good person who is like a tree)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sajjanapādapa

sajjanapādapa - a virtuous person who is like a tree

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sajjana+pādapa)

• sajjana – good person, virtuous individual
  noun (masculine)
  `sat` (good, existing) + `jana` (person)
• pādapa – tree (lit. "drinking with feet")
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: This entire compound is the implied subject of `asti`.

सफलः (saphalaḥ) - productive, providing beneficial results (like a tree provides fruit) (fruitful, successful, with fruit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saphala

saphala - fruitful, successful, effective, with fruit

`sa` (with) + `phala` (fruit, result)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+phala)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, reward, advantage
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)

शीतलच्छायः (śītalacchāyaḥ) - providing comforting, refreshing presence (cool-shaded, having cool shade)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śītalacchāya

śītalacchāya - cool-shaded, providing cool shade

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śītala+chāya)

• śītala – cool, cold, refreshing
  adjective
  Root: śī
• chāya – shade, shadow, reflection
  noun (masculine)
  Root: chā

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - in such a place (without good company) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem `tad`

निवसेत् (nivaset) - should choose not to live (should dwell, should reside)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vas

Optative mood, Present tense, Active voice

3rd person singular optative of root `vas` with prefix `ni`

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

बुधः (budhaḥ) - an intelligent and discerning individual (wise person, learned one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned person, a sage

From root `budh` (to know, understand)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: The subject of `nivaset`.

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