योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-64, verse-10

विरक्तो जन्ममरणे यथा दुःखी न मानवः ।
परिज्ञाताखिलाविद्यं तथा चित्तं न दुःखितम् ॥ १० ॥

virakto janmamaraṇe yathā duḥkhī na mānavaḥ ,
parijñātākhilāvidyaṃ tathā cittaṃ na duḥkhitam 10

10. viraktaḥ janmamaraṇe yathā duḥkhī na mānavaḥ
parijñāta-akhila-avidyam tathā cittam na duḥkhitam

10. yathā janmamaraṇe viraktaḥ mānavaḥ duḥkhī na,
tathā parijñāta-akhila-avidyam cittam duḥkhitam na.

10. Just as a human being who is detached (virakta) from the cycles of birth and death (saṃsāra) does not suffer, similarly, the mind whose entire ignorance (avidyā) has been completely understood is not distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• विरक्तः (viraktaḥ) - detached, dispassionate, indifferent

• जन्ममरणे (janmamaraṇe) - in birth and death, concerning birth and death

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• दुःखी (duḥkhī) - unhappy, sorrowful, suffering

• न (na) - not, no

• मानवः (mānavaḥ) - human being, man

• परिज्ञात-अखिल-अविद्यम् (parijñāta-akhila-avidyam) - whose entire ignorance (avidyā) has been fully known/comprehended

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

• चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness, intellect

• न (na) - not, no

• दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, suffering, afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

विरक्तः (viraktaḥ) - detached, dispassionate, indifferent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virakta

virakta - detached, dispassionate, indifferent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rañj with upasarga vi and suffix kta

Prefix: vi

Root: rañj (class 1)

जन्ममरणे (janmamaraṇe) - in birth and death, concerning birth and death

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of janma-maraṇa

janma-maraṇa - birth and death, the cycle of birth and death

Dvandva compound of janma (birth) and maraṇa (death)

Compound type : dvandva (janma+maraṇa)

• janma – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  From root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)
• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  From root mṛ
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

दुःखी (duḥkhī) - unhappy, sorrowful, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhin

duḥkhin - unhappy, sorrowful, suffering

From duḥkha (suffering) + -in suffix

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मानवः (mānavaḥ) - human being, man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - human being, man, descendant of Manu

Derived from Manu

परिज्ञात-अखिल-अविद्यम् (parijñāta-akhila-avidyam) - whose entire ignorance (avidyā) has been fully known/comprehended

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parijñāta-akhila-avidya

parijñāta-akhila-avidya - one for whom all ignorance (avidyā) is known

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (parijñāta+akhila+avidyā)

• parijñāta – fully known, understood
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jñā with upasarga pari
  Prefix: pari
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• akhila – entire, all, complete
  adjective (neuter)
  Negation 'a' + 'khila' (gap/waste land)
• avidyā – ignorance, spiritual nescience (avidyā)
  noun (feminine)
  Negation 'a' + 'vidyā' (knowledge)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `cittam`.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)

चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness, intellect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, intellect

From root cit

Root: cit (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, suffering, afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, suffering, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From duḥkha (suffering) + ita suffix

Note: Agrees with `cittam`.

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