योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-113, verse-45

अनयोपहते स्वस्मिंश्चित्राश्चेतसि विभ्रमाः ।
उत्पद्यन्ते विनश्यन्ति तरङ्गास्तोयधेरिव ॥ ४५ ॥

anayopahate svasmiṃścitrāścetasi vibhramāḥ ,
utpadyante vinaśyanti taraṅgāstoyadheriva 45

45. anayā upahate svasmin ca citrāḥ cetasi vibhramāḥ
utpadyante vinaśyanti taraṅgāḥ toyadheḥ iva

45. anayā upahate svasmin cetasi ca citrāḥ vibhramāḥ utpadyante vinaśyanti.
iva toyadheḥ taraṅgāḥ.

45. When the mind (citta) is afflicted by this (delusion), various illusions arise and perish within oneself, just like waves of the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• अनया (anayā) - by this (delusion/illusion) (by this, by her)

• उपहते (upahate) - afflicted, struck, injured

• स्वस्मिन् (svasmin) - in oneself, in one's own self

• च (ca) - and, also

• चित्राः (citrāḥ) - various, diverse, wonderful

• चेतसि (cetasi) - in the mind (citta) (in the mind, in consciousness)

• विभ्रमाः (vibhramāḥ) - illusions, confusions, errors

• उत्पद्यन्ते (utpadyante) - they arise, are produced

• विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - they perish, are destroyed

• तरङ्गाः (taraṅgāḥ) - waves

• तोयधेः (toyadheḥ) - of the ocean, of the water-holder

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

Words meanings and morphology

अनया (anayā) - by this (delusion/illusion) (by this, by her)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the 'delusion' or implied illusion from the previous verses.

उपहते (upahate) - afflicted, struck, injured

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of upahata

upahata - afflicted, struck, injured, harmed

Past Passive Participle

from upa- + root han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: upa

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies cetasi in a locative absolute construction.

स्वस्मिन् (svasmin) - in oneself, in one's own self

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svasma

svasma - self, one's own, ego

From sva (self) and pronominal suffix sma.

Note: Refers to the inner self or mind.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects svasmin and cetasi.

चित्राः (citrāḥ) - various, diverse, wonderful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of citra

citra - variegated, diverse, strange, wonderful

Note: Qualifies vibhramāḥ.

चेतसि (cetasi) - in the mind (citta) (in the mind, in consciousness)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, consciousness, intellect

from root cit (to perceive)

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Along with svasmin, indicating where the illusions occur.

विभ्रमाः (vibhramāḥ) - illusions, confusions, errors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vibhrama

vibhrama - illusion, confusion, error, bewilderment

from vi- + root bhram (to wander, be confused)

Prefix: vi

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Subject of utpadyante and vinaśyanti.

उत्पद्यन्ते (utpadyante) - they arise, are produced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of utpad

present tense, middle voice

from ud- + root pad (to go, fall)

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Verb for vibhramāḥ.

विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - they perish, are destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vinaś

present tense, active voice

from vi- + root naś (to perish, disappear)

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Verb for vibhramāḥ.

तरङ्गाः (taraṅgāḥ) - waves

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of taraṅga

taraṅga - wave, ripple

from root tṛ (to cross)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

तोयधेः (toyadheḥ) - of the ocean, of the water-holder

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of toyadhi

toyadhi - ocean, sea (literally, water-holder)

compound noun, toya (water) + adhi (holder, receptacle)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+adhi)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
  from root tu (to grow, be strong) or tuy
  Root: tu (class 1)
• adhi – receptacle, holder, ocean (as a suffix)
  noun (masculine)
  from root dhā (to place)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the source or origin of the waves.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

Note: Completes the simile.