योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-113, verse-43

द्विचन्द्रमोहवज्जाता स्वप्नवद्विहितभ्रमा ।
यथा नौयायिनः स्थाणुस्पन्दस्तद्वदिहोत्थिता ॥ ४३ ॥

dvicandramohavajjātā svapnavadvihitabhramā ,
yathā nauyāyinaḥ sthāṇuspandastadvadihotthitā 43

43. dvicandramohavat jātā svapnavat vihita-bhramā
yathā nauyāyinaḥ sthāṇu-spandaḥ tadvat iha utthitā

43. iha dvicandramohavat jātā,
svapnavat vihita-bhramā.
yathā nauyāyinaḥ sthāṇu-spandaḥ tadvat utthitā.

43. This (delusion) arises here, born like the illusion of seeing two moons, creating confusion as if in a dream. It is just like the apparent movement of a stationary object for someone traveling in a boat.

Words meanings summery:

• द्विचन्द्रमोहवत् (dvicandramohavat) - like the illusion of two moons

• जाता (jātā) - born, arisen, produced

• स्वप्नवत् (svapnavat) - like a dream, dream-like

• विहित-भ्रमा (vihita-bhramā) - a confusion created, an illusion made

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• नौयायिनः (nauyāyinaḥ) - of a boat passenger, for a boat passenger

• स्थाणु-स्पन्दः (sthāṇu-spandaḥ) - movement of a stationary object, apparent motion of a fixed object

• तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in the same way, so

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• उत्थिता (utthitā) - arisen, emerged

Words meanings and morphology

द्विचन्द्रमोहवत् (dvicandramohavat) - like the illusion of two moons

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dvicandramohavat

dvicandramohavat - like the illusion of two moons, having the illusion of two moons

derived from dvicandramoha (illusion of two moons) + -vat (suffix for 'like', 'having')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvicandra+moha+vat)

• dvicandra – two moons
  noun (masculine)
• moha – delusion, illusion, confusion
  noun (masculine)
  from root muh (to be bewildered)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• vat – like, having, possessing
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix.

Note: Adverbial use possible but here agrees with jātā and vihita-bhramā, modifying the implied feminine subject.

जाता (jātā) - born, arisen, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implied feminine subject (e.g., 'this illusion').

स्वप्नवत् (svapnavat) - like a dream, dream-like

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svapnavat

svapnavat - like a dream, having a dream

derived from svapna (dream) + -vat (suffix for 'like', 'having')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svapna+vat)

• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
  from root svap (to sleep)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• vat – like, having, possessing
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix.

Note: Agrees with the implied feminine subject.

विहित-भ्रमा (vihita-bhramā) - a confusion created, an illusion made

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihita-bhrama

vihita-bhrama - created confusion, caused illusion

compound noun, vihita (created) + bhrama (confusion)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vihita+bhrama)

• vihita – created, made, arranged, caused
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi- + root dhā (to place, put)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• bhrama – confusion, delusion, error, wandering
  noun (masculine)
  from root bhram (to wander, to be confused)
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: This noun functions as an adjective modifying the implied feminine subject, hence feminine nominative singular.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

नौयायिनः (nauyāyinaḥ) - of a boat passenger, for a boat passenger

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nauyāyin

nauyāyin - boat passenger, one who goes by boat

from nau (boat) + yāyin (one who goes)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (nau+yāyin)

• nau – boat, ship
  noun (feminine)
• yāyin – one who goes, going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  kṛt suffix -in
  from root yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Genitive to indicate possession or relation ('of the passenger's perception').

स्थाणु-स्पन्दः (sthāṇu-spandaḥ) - movement of a stationary object, apparent motion of a fixed object

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthāṇu-spanda

sthāṇu-spanda - apparent movement of a stationary object

compound noun, sthāṇu (stationary object) + spanda (movement)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sthāṇu+spanda)

• sthāṇu – stationary object, pillar, stump, immovable
  noun (masculine)
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• spanda – movement, vibration, tremor
  noun (masculine)
  from root spand (to throb, vibrate)
  Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Subject of the yathā clause.

तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in the same way, so

(indeclinable)

from tad (that) + -vat (suffix for 'like', 'having', forming adverbs/adjectives)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+vat)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• vat – like, having, possessing
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place/context, meaning 'in this (case)' or 'here'.

उत्थिता (utthitā) - arisen, emerged

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of utthita

utthita - arisen, stood up, appeared, emerged

Past Passive Participle

from ud- + root sthā (to stand)

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied feminine subject.