वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-36, verse-30

सर्वेषां ब्रह्मदण्डानामवध्यं ब्रह्मणा कृतम् ।
जानन्त ऋषयस्तं वै क्षमन्ते तस्य नित्यशः ॥३०॥

30. sarveṣāṃ brahmadaṇḍānāmavadhyaṃ brahmaṇā kṛtam ,
jānanta ṛṣayastaṃ vai kṣamante tasya nityaśaḥ.

30. sarveṣām brahmadaṇḍānām avadhyaṃ brahmaṇā kṛtam
jānantaḥ ṛṣayaḥ taṃ vai kṣamante tasya nityaśaḥ

30. brahmaṇā sarveṣām brahmadaṇḍānām avadhyaṃ kṛtam
taṃ jānantaḥ ṛṣayaḥ vai tasya nityaśaḥ kṣamante

30. Knowing that he has been made immune to all brahminical curses (brahmadaṇḍa) by Brahmā, the sages indeed always tolerate his actions.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all kinds of (of all)

• ब्रह्मदण्डानाम् (brahmadaṇḍānām) - of brahminical curses, of divine punishments

• अवध्यं (avadhyaṁ) - invulnerable, not to be killed/harmed

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator god)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

• जानन्तः (jānantaḥ) - knowing, while knowing

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• तं (taṁ) - that monkey (him, that (masculine))

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• क्षमन्ते (kṣamante) - they tolerate, they forgive, they endure

• तस्य (tasya) - his actions (his, of him)

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, perpetually

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all kinds of (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun

ब्रह्मदण्डानाम् (brahmadaṇḍānām) - of brahminical curses, of divine punishments

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brahmadaṇḍa

brahmadaṇḍa - a curse or punishment inflicted by a Brahmin, divine punishment, the staff of Brahmā

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+daṇḍa)

• brahman – Brahmin, sacred power, universal spirit
  noun (masculine)
• daṇḍa – staff, rod, punishment, curse
  noun (masculine)

अवध्यं (avadhyaṁ) - invulnerable, not to be killed/harmed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avadhya

avadhya - not to be slain, inviolable, invulnerable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed from prefix A + root VADH (to strike/kill) + suffix -ya. 'vadh' is a substitute for 'han' in some forms.

Prefix: a

Root: vadh (class 2)

Note: It describes the monkey (implied 'him').

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator god)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god), sacred text, universal spirit (neuter brahman)

Contextually referring to the deity Brahmā.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root KṚ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

जानन्तः (jānantaḥ) - knowing, while knowing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jānat

jānat - knowing, aware, intelligent

Present Active Participle

From root JÑĀ (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

तं (taṁ) - that monkey (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the monkey.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

Particle

क्षमन्ते (kṣamante) - they tolerate, they forgive, they endure

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṣam

Root: kṣam (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his actions (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, his, of him

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the monkey.

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from 'nitya' (eternal, constant).