वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-26, verse-8

रावणः सुमहावीर्यः कामबाणवशं गतः ।
विनिश्वस्य विनिश्वस्य शशिनं समवैक्षत ॥८॥

8. rāvaṇaḥ sumahāvīryaḥ kāmabāṇavaśaṃ gataḥ ,
viniśvasya viniśvasya śaśinaṃ samavaikṣata.

8. rāvaṇaḥ sumahāvīryaḥ kāmabāṇavaśam gataḥ
viniśvasya viniśvasya śaśinam samavaikṣata

8. sumahāvīryaḥ rāvaṇaḥ kāmabāṇavaśam gataḥ
viniśvasya viniśvasya śaśinam samavaikṣata

8. Ravana, despite his immense power, had fallen under the sway of the arrows of desire (kāma). Sighing repeatedly, he gazed at the moon.

Words meanings summery:

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

• सुमहावीर्यः (sumahāvīryaḥ) - very greatly powerful, possessing immense valor

• कामबाणवशम् (kāmabāṇavaśam) - under the sway of the arrows of desire, subject to Kāma's arrows

• गतः (gataḥ) - fallen under (the sway of) (gone, reached, obtained, fallen into)

• विनिश्वस्य (viniśvasya) - having sighed, by sighing

• विनिश्वस्य (viniśvasya) - having sighed, by sighing

• शशिनम् (śaśinam) - the moon

• समवैक्षत (samavaikṣata) - looked at, gazed at, beheld

Words meanings and morphology

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the name of the demon king of Lanka)

सुमहावीर्यः (sumahāvīryaḥ) - very greatly powerful, possessing immense valor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahāvīrya

sumahāvīrya - possessing great power or valor, very mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi / karmadhāraya (su+mahā+vīrya)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• vīrya – valor, heroism, power, strength, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

कामबाणवशम् (kāmabāṇavaśam) - under the sway of the arrows of desire, subject to Kāma's arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmabāṇavaśa

kāmabāṇavaśa - the power or sway of the arrows of Kāma (desire)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+bāṇa+vaśa)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, passion; the god of love (Kāma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – sway, control, power, submission
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

गतः (gataḥ) - fallen under (the sway of) (gone, reached, obtained, fallen into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, moved, obtained, reached, fallen into (past passive participle)

past passive participle

Derived from the root gam- (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

विनिश्वस्य (viniśvasya) - having sighed, by sighing

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from the root śvas- (to breathe, sigh) with prefixes vi- and ni-.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Used iteratively: 'viniśvasya viniśvasya' = sighing again and again.

विनिश्वस्य (viniśvasya) - having sighed, by sighing

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from the root śvas- (to breathe, sigh) with prefixes vi- and ni-.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Used iteratively: 'viniśvasya viniśvasya' = sighing again and again.

शशिनम् (śaśinam) - the moon

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaśin

śaśin - moon (lit. 'having a hare' or 'marked with a hare' due to perceived moon features)

समवैक्षत (samavaikṣata) - looked at, gazed at, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of samavaikṣata

imperfect tense

Derived from the root īkṣ- (to see, look) with prefixes sam- and ava-.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The ending -ta is middle voice, but sometimes used in active sense in epic Sanskrit.