वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-26, verse-35

एष देव दशग्रीवः प्राप्तो गन्तुं त्रिविष्टपम् ।
तेन सैन्यसहायेन निशेह परिणाम्यते ॥३५॥

35. eṣa deva daśagrīvaḥ prāpto gantuṃ triviṣṭapam ,
tena sainyasahāyena niśeha pariṇāmyate.

35. eṣa deva daśagrīvaḥ prāptaḥ gantum triviṣṭapam
tena sainyasahāyena niśā iha pariṇāmyate

35. deva eṣa daśagrīvaḥ triviṣṭapam gantum prāptaḥ
tena sainyasahāyena iha niśā pariṇāmyate

35. This lord, Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa), has arrived to ascend to heaven. Accompanied by his army, he is bringing the night here to an end (spending the night).

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this (Daśagrīva) (this, this one (masculine nominative singular))

• देव (deva) - lord (a respectful address, referring to Daśagrīva) (god, deity, lord, king)

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (Daśagrīva (ten-necked one), an epithet for Rāvaṇa)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - has arrived (arrived, obtained, reached)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to ascend (to go)

• त्रिविष्टपम् (triviṣṭapam) - to heaven (heaven, the celestial world)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Daśagrīva) (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

• सैन्यसहायेन (sainyasahāyena) - by him, accompanied by his army (by one whose army is his aid, aided by his army)

• निशा (niśā) - the night (night)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

• परिणाम्यते (pariṇāmyate) - is being brought to an end (spent) (is being turned, is being brought to an end, is being spent)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this (Daśagrīva) (this, this one (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

देव (deva) - lord (a respectful address, referring to Daśagrīva) (god, deity, lord, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being, lord, king

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Here, functioning as an epithet in apposition to Daśagrīva.

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (Daśagrīva (ten-necked one), an epithet for Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - ten-necked, Daśagrīva (epithet of Rāvaṇa)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśan+grīvā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - has arrived (arrived, obtained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āp

āp - to obtain, to reach

past passive participle

formed from root āp- with prefix pra- and -ta suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'Daśagrīvaḥ'. Used in active sense: 'has arrived'.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to ascend (to go)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

formed from root gam- with -tum suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

त्रिविष्टपम् (triviṣṭapam) - to heaven (heaven, the celestial world)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of triviṣṭapa

triviṣṭapa - heaven, paradise, the celestial world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tri+viṣṭapa)

• tri – three
  numeral
• viṣṭapa – region, world, abode
  noun (neuter)
  Root: viṣṭap

Note: Accusative case indicates direction 'to'.

तेन (tena) - by him (Daśagrīva) (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he

सैन्यसहायेन (sainyasahāyena) - by him, accompanied by his army (by one whose army is his aid, aided by his army)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sainyasahāya

sainyasahāya - aided by an army, one whose army is his help

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sainya+sahāya)

• sainya – army, military force
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from senā (army).
• sahāya – helper, companion, aid
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tena'.

निशा (niśā) - the night (night)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'pariṇāmyate'.

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

परिणाम्यते (pariṇāmyate) - is being brought to an end (spent) (is being turned, is being brought to an end, is being spent)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pariṇām

present 3rd singular passive

formed from root nam- with prefix pari- and causative -ṇā- and passive -ya- suffix

Prefix: pari

Root: nam (class 1)