वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-26, verse-36

आयान्ती तेन दृष्टास्मि त्वत्सकाशमरिंदम ।
गृहीत्वा तेन पृष्टास्मि कस्य त्वमिति रक्षसा ॥३६॥

36. āyāntī tena dṛṣṭāsmi tvatsakāśamariṃdama ,
gṛhītvā tena pṛṣṭāsmi kasya tvamiti rakṣasā.

36. āyāntī tena dṛṣṭā asmi tvat sakāśam arim-dama
gṛhītvā tena pṛṣṭā asmi kasya tvam iti rakṣasā

36. arim-dama tena āyāntī tvat sakāśam dṛṣṭā asmi
tena rakṣasā gṛhītvā tvam kasya iti pṛṣṭā asmi

36. O destroyer of foes, I was seen by him (Rāvaṇa) as I was coming near you. Having seized me, I was then asked by that rākṣasa, 'Whose are you?'

Words meanings summery:

• आयान्ती (āyāntī) - coming (towards you) (coming, approaching)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Rāvaṇa) (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

• दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - was seen (seen, having been seen)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (part of 'I was seen') (I am)

• त्वत् (tvat) - your (as part of a compound 'tvatsakāśam') (from you, you)

• सकाशम् (sakāśam) - near (your presence) (near, presence, vicinity)

• अरिम्-दम (arim-dama) - O destroyer of foes (addressing Nalakūbara) (O destroyer of enemies, O tamer of foes)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized (me) (having seized, having grasped)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Rāvaṇa) (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

• पृष्टा (pṛṣṭā) - was questioned (questioned, asked)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (part of 'I was questioned') (I am)

• कस्य (kasya) - Whose (are you)? (whose, of whom)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

• इति (iti) - (marks the quoted question) (thus, so, (marks a quotation))

• रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by the rākṣasa (Rāvaṇa) (by the rākṣasa, by the demon)

Words meanings and morphology

आयान्ती (āyāntī) - coming (towards you) (coming, approaching)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āyānt

yā - to go

present active participle

formed from root yā- with prefix ā- and -ant suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with the implied 'I'.

तेन (tena) - by him (Rāvaṇa) (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'dṛṣṭā asmi'.

दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - was seen (seen, having been seen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛś

dṛś - to see

past passive participle

formed from root dṛś- with -ta suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with the implied 'I'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (part of 'I was seen') (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present 1st singular active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as an auxiliary verb to form a past passive construction.

त्वत् (tvat) - your (as part of a compound 'tvatsakāśam') (from you, you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Used as the first part of the compound 'tvatsakāśam'.

सकाशम् (sakāśam) - near (your presence) (near, presence, vicinity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sakāśa

sakāśa - presence, vicinity, near

Prefix: sa

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially in accusative case, meaning 'to the vicinity of'. Forms a compound 'tvatsakāśam'.

अरिम्-दम (arim-dama) - O destroyer of foes (addressing Nalakūbara) (O destroyer of enemies, O tamer of foes)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arim-dama

arim-dama - destroyer of enemies, tamer of foes

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• dama – taming, conquering, controlling; a tamer, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dam (to tame, to conquer).
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Compound meaning 'one who tames enemies'.

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized (me) (having seized, having grasped)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root grah- with -tvā suffix

Root: grah (class 9)

तेन (tena) - by him (Rāvaṇa) (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'pṛṣṭā asmi'.

पृष्टा (pṛṣṭā) - was questioned (questioned, asked)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prach

prach - to ask, to question

past passive participle

formed from root prach- with -ta suffix

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with the implied 'I'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (part of 'I was questioned') (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present 1st singular active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as an auxiliary verb to form a past passive construction.

कस्य (kasya) - Whose (are you)? (whose, of whom)

(interrogative pronoun)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

इति (iti) - (marks the quoted question) (thus, so, (marks a quotation))

(indeclinable)

रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by the rākṣasa (Rāvaṇa) (by the rākṣasa, by the demon)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - rākṣasa, demon, evil being

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'pṛṣṭā asmi'. Here referring to Rāvaṇa.