वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-26, verse-1

स तु तत्र दशग्रीवः सह सैन्येन वीर्यवान् ।
अस्तं प्राप्ते दिनकरे निवासं समरोचयत् ॥१॥

1. sa tu tatra daśagrīvaḥ saha sainyena vīryavān ,
astaṃ prāpte dinakare nivāsaṃ samarocayat.

1. saḥ tu tatra daśagrīvaḥ saha sainyena vīryavān
astam prāpte dinakare nivāsam samarocayat

1. When the sun had set, the powerful Daśagrīva, along with his army, chose to encamp there.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (referring to the place of encampment) (there, in that place)

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva, the ten-headed demon king Rāvaṇa (ten-necked one)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

• सैन्येन (sainyena) - with his army (by the army, with the army)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful (powerful, valorous, strong)

• अस्तम् (astam) - (towards) setting (setting, disappearance, end)

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having reached (setting) (having reached, obtained)

• दिनकरे (dinakare) - in the sun (locative absolute) (in the sun, on the sun)

• निवासम् (nivāsam) - a residence/encampment (dwelling, residence, encampment)

• समरोचयत् (samarocayat) - he chose to encamp (he chose, he desired, he liked)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Third person singular masculine nominative form of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there (referring to the place of encampment) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + 'tral' suffix.

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva, the ten-headed demon king Rāvaṇa (ten-necked one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - one having ten necks, epithet of Rāvaṇa

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśan+grīvā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.

सैन्येन (sainyena) - with his army (by the army, with the army)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Derived from 'senā' (army) + 'ya' suffix.

Note: Used with 'saha'.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful (powerful, valorous, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, strong, heroic, valorous

Derived from 'vīrya' (valor, strength) + 'matup' (possessive) suffix.

Note: Agrees with Daśagrīvaḥ.

अस्तम् (astam) - (towards) setting (setting, disappearance, end)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting, disappearance, home, end

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Often used with verbs of going to mean 'to set' (e.g., astam gam).

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having reached (setting) (having reached, obtained)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - reached, obtained, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction 'astam prāpte dinakare' (when the sun having reached setting).

दिनकरे (dinakare) - in the sun (locative absolute) (in the sun, on the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dinakara

dinakara - sun, day-maker

Compound of 'dina' (day) and 'kara' (maker).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dina+kara)

• dina – day
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doer, hand
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction 'astam prāpte dinakare' (when the sun having reached setting).

निवासम् (nivāsam) - a residence/encampment (dwelling, residence, encampment)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivāsa

nivāsa - dwelling, residence, abode, encampment

Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'samarocayat'.

समरोचयत् (samarocayat) - he chose to encamp (he chose, he desired, he liked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-ruc

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Prefix: sam

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: The root 'ruc' is often ātmanepada, but here it's used in parasmaipada, likely meaning 'to choose' or 'to like/approve for oneself'.