वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-8, verse-9

धनत्यागः सुखत्यागो देहत्यागो ऽपि वा पुनः ।
वयस्यार्थे प्रवर्तन्ते स्नेहं दृष्ट्वा तथाविधम् ॥९॥

9. dhanatyāgaḥ sukhatyāgo dehatyāgo'pi vā punaḥ ,
vayasyārthe pravartante snehaṃ dṛṣṭvā tathāvidham.

9. dhanatyāgaḥ sukhatyāgaḥ dehatyāgaḥ api vā punaḥ
vayasyārthe pravartante sneham dṛṣṭvā tathāvidham

9. sneham tathāvidham dṛṣṭvā vayasyārthe dhanatyāgaḥ
sukhatyāgaḥ dehatyāgaḥ api vā punaḥ pravartante

9. Abandonment of wealth, sacrifice of joy, or even giving up one's life—these acts are undertaken for the sake of a friend (vayasyārthe), when one perceives such a profound bond (sneham tathāvidham).

Words meanings summery:

• धनत्यागः (dhanatyāgaḥ) - abandonment of wealth (abandonment of wealth, renunciation of riches)

• सुखत्यागः (sukhatyāgaḥ) - sacrifice of joy (abandonment of happiness, sacrifice of joy)

• देहत्यागः (dehatyāgaḥ) - giving up one's life (abandonment of the body, giving up life)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too, and)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, or (implies choice or reiteration) (again, moreover, but, yet)

• वयस्यार्थे (vayasyārthe) - for the sake of a friend (vayasyārthe) (for the sake of a friend, for a friend's purpose)

• प्रवर्तन्ते (pravartante) - these acts are undertaken (they proceed, they engage, they undertake, they happen)

• स्नेहम् (sneham) - a profound bond (affection, love, attachment, bond, oil)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - when one perceives, having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• तथाविधम् (tathāvidham) - such a profound (of such a kind, of that sort, such)

Words meanings and morphology

धनत्यागः (dhanatyāgaḥ) - abandonment of wealth (abandonment of wealth, renunciation of riches)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanatyāga

dhanatyāga - abandonment of wealth, renunciation of riches

Compound of 'dhana' (wealth) and 'tyāga' (abandonment).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dhana+tyāga)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'tyaj' (to abandon).
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: One of the actions undertaken.

सुखत्यागः (sukhatyāgaḥ) - sacrifice of joy (abandonment of happiness, sacrifice of joy)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhatyāga

sukhatyāga - abandonment of happiness, sacrifice of pleasure/joy

Compound of 'sukha' (happiness) and 'tyāga' (abandonment).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sukha+tyāga)

• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'tyaj' (to abandon).
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: One of the actions undertaken.

देहत्यागः (dehatyāgaḥ) - giving up one's life (abandonment of the body, giving up life)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dehatyāga

dehatyāga - abandonment of the body, giving up life, suicide

Compound of 'deha' (body) and 'tyāga' (abandonment).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (deha+tyāga)

• deha – body, corporeal form
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dih' (to anoint, to grow).
  Root: dih (class 4)
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'tyaj' (to abandon).
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: One of the actions undertaken.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to emphasize 'even if'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, or (implies choice or reiteration) (again, moreover, but, yet)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to add another option or emphasize.

वयस्यार्थे (vayasyārthe) - for the sake of a friend (vayasyārthe) (for the sake of a friend, for a friend's purpose)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vayasyārtha

vayasyārtha - for a friend's sake/purpose

Compound of 'vayasya' (friend) and 'artha' (sake, purpose).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vayasya+artha)

• vayasya – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vayas' (age) + suffix 'ya'.
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Expresses purpose; functions adverbially.

प्रवर्तन्ते (pravartante) - these acts are undertaken (they proceed, they engage, they undertake, they happen)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of pravṛt

Present middle indicative

3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada). From prefix 'pra' + root 'vṛt' (to turn, to exist).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

स्नेहम् (sneham) - a profound bond (affection, love, attachment, bond, oil)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, attachment, tenderness, oil, unctuousness

Derived from root 'snih' (to be greasy, to be affectionate).

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - when one perceives, having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a gerund, indicating an action completed before the main verb.

तथाविधम् (tathāvidham) - such a profound (of such a kind, of that sort, such)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tathāvidha

tathāvidha - of such a kind, of that sort, such, similar

From 'tathā' (thus, so) and 'vidha' (kind, sort).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+vidha)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner, type
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies sneham.