वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-8, verse-42

बलवान् हि ममामर्षः श्रुत्वा त्वामवमानितम् ।
वर्धते हृदयोत्कम्पी प्रावृड्वेग इवाम्भसः ॥४२॥

42. balavān hi mamāmarṣaḥ śrutvā tvāmavamānitam ,
vardhate hṛdayotkampī prāvṛḍvega ivāmbhasaḥ.

42. balavān hi mama amarṣaḥ śrutvā tvām avamānitam |
vardhate hṛdayotkampī prāvṛṭ vegaḥ iva ambhasaḥ

42. hi tvām avamānitam śrutvā mama amarṣaḥ balavān
hṛdayotkampī prāvṛṭ ambhasaḥ vegaḥ iva vardhate

42. Indeed, my indignation, having heard that you were insulted, grows, causing my heart to tremble, just like the surging force of water during the monsoon season.

Words meanings summery:

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong, mighty

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• अमर्षः (amarṣaḥ) - indignation, anger, intolerance

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Sugriva) (you)

• अवमानितम् (avamānitam) - that you were insulted (humiliated, insulted, disrespected)

• वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, increases, prospers

• हृदयोत्कम्पी (hṛdayotkampī) - causing the heart to tremble, heart-shaking

• प्रावृट् (prāvṛṭ) - rainy season, monsoon

• वेगः (vegaḥ) - force, speed, rush, current

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्भसः (ambhasaḥ) - of water

Words meanings and morphology

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty, possessing strength

Possessive adjective derived from 'bala' (strength) with suffix '-vat'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or causation.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person pronoun stem.

अमर्षः (amarṣaḥ) - indignation, anger, intolerance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, anger, impatience, intolerance, resentment

Derived from 'a-' (negation) and root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure). Signifies inability to bear or endure.

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' (to hear) with the suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Sugriva) (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Second person pronoun stem.

अवमानितम् (avamānitam) - that you were insulted (humiliated, insulted, disrespected)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avamānita

avamānita - insulted, humiliated, disrespected, disgraced

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'ava-' (down, away) + root 'man' (to think, respect) with causal suffix '-i' + PPP suffix '-ta'.

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, increases, prospers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Present tense, Middle voice

Root 'vṛdh' (Class 1, Dhātu-pāṭha). Present tense (laṭ) middle voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

हृदयोत्कम्पी (hṛdayotkampī) - causing the heart to tremble, heart-shaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛdayotkampin

hṛdayotkampin - causing the heart to tremble, heart-shaking

Compound formed with 'hṛdaya' (heart) and 'utkampin' (causing to tremble).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hṛdaya+utkampin)

• hṛdaya – heart, mind, core
  noun (neuter)
• utkampin – causing to tremble, shaking, trembling
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'ut-' (up, out) + root 'kamp' (to tremble) with suffix '-in'.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'amarṣaḥ'.

प्रावृट् (prāvṛṭ) - rainy season, monsoon

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāvṛṣ

prāvṛṣ - rainy season, monsoon

From 'pra-' (forth) + root 'vṛṣ' (to rain).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Used here as part of a compound noun 'prāvṛḍvega' (monsoon surge).

वेगः (vegaḥ) - force, speed, rush, current

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force, current, rush

From root 'vij' (to move quickly, to be agitated).

Root: vij (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

अम्भसः (ambhasaḥ) - of water

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water