वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-8, verse-33

यत्नवांश्च सुदुष्टात्मा मद्विनाशाय राघव ।
बहुशस्तत् प्रयुक्ताश्च वानरा निहता मया ॥३३॥

33. yatnavāṃśca suduṣṭātmā madvināśāya rāghava ,
bahuśastat prayuktāśca vānarā nihatā mayā.

33. yatnavān ca sudusṭātmā madvināśāya rāghava
bahuśaḥ tat prayuktāḥ ca vānarāḥ nihatāḥ mayā

33. rāghava ca sudusṭātmā (saḥ) madvināśāya yatnavān
ca tat prayuktāḥ vānarāḥ bahuśaḥ mayā nihatāḥ

33. And, O Rāghava (Rāma), that one with a very wicked mind constantly strives for my destruction. Many times, thus employed, monkeys have been killed by me.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - Refers to Vali. (making effort, striving, diligent)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुदुस्टात्मा (sudusṭātmā) - Refers to Vali. (one with a very wicked mind/soul, very evil-minded)

• मद्विनाशाय (madvināśāya) - for my destruction, for my ruin

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāghava, O Rama

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently

• तत् (tat) - In this context, it functions adverbially, implying 'in that manner' or 'consequently'. (then, so, thus, therefore)

• प्रयुक्ताः (prayuktāḥ) - employed, sent, dispatched

• च (ca) - and, also

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - Refers to Vali's followers. (monkeys, inhabitants of the forest)

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

• मया (mayā) - Refers to Sugriva. (by me)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - Refers to Vali. (making effort, striving, diligent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatnavat

yatnavat - making effort, diligent, active, zealous, assiduous

From 'yatna' (effort) + suffix '-vat'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सुदुस्टात्मा (sudusṭātmā) - Refers to Vali. (one with a very wicked mind/soul, very evil-minded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudusṭātman

sudusṭātman - one with a very wicked soul/mind, very evil-minded, depraved, vicious

Compound: su + duṣṭa + ātman.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+duṣṭa+ātman)

• su – very, exceedingly, well
  indeclinable
• duṣṭa – wicked, corrupt, spoiled, bad, depraved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √duṣ (to be corrupt) with kta suffix.
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)

मद्विनाशाय (madvināśāya) - for my destruction, for my ruin

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of madvināśa

madvināśa - my destruction, ruin for me

Compound: asmad (mat) + vināśa.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (asmad+vināśa)

• asmad – I, we, my, our
  pronoun
  First person pronoun.
• vināśa – destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-√naś (to perish).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāghava, O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, a name for Rama

Patronymic from Raghu.

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently

(indeclinable)

From 'bahu' (much, many) with suffix -śas.

तत् (tat) - In this context, it functions adverbially, implying 'in that manner' or 'consequently'. (then, so, thus, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Can function as an indeclinable adverb.

प्रयुक्ताः (prayuktāḥ) - employed, sent, dispatched

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayukta

prayukta - employed, sent, dispatched, appointed, applied, used

Past Passive Participle

From root √yuj (to join, apply) with upasarga pra- and kta suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - Refers to Vali's followers. (monkeys, inhabitants of the forest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape, belonging to the forest

From 'vana' (forest) + suffix '-ra'.

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed, smitten, undone

Past Passive Participle

From root √han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni- and kta suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

मया (mayā) - Refers to Sugriva. (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Instrumental singular of 'asmad'.