वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-8, verse-20

उपकारफलं मित्रमपकारो ऽरिलक्षणम् ।
अद्यैव तं हनिष्यामि तव भार्यापहारिणम् ॥२०॥

20. upakāraphalaṃ mitramapakāro'rilakṣaṇam ,
adyaiva taṃ haniṣyāmi tava bhāryāpahāriṇam.

20. upakāraphalam mitram apakāraḥ ari lakṣaṇam
adya eva tam haniṣyāmi tava bhāryāpahāriṇam

20. mitram upakāraphalam (bhavati); apakāraḥ ari lakṣaṇam (bhavati).
adya eva tam tava bhāryāpahāriṇam haniṣyāmi.

20. A true friend is characterized by helpful deeds, whereas hostility marks an enemy. Today itself, I will kill him, the one who abducted your wife.

Words meanings summery:

• उपकारफलम् (upakāraphalam) - (a friend) whose result is helpful deeds (whose fruit is beneficence; characterized by helpfulness; resulting in assistance)

• मित्रम् (mitram) - a true friend (friend)

• अपकारः (apakāraḥ) - hostility (harm; injury; hostility)

• अरि (ari) - enemy

• लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - characteristic (of an enemy) (characteristic; mark; sign)

• अद्य (adya) - today

• एव (eva) - itself (emphasizing 'today') (just; indeed; only)

• तम् (tam) - him (Valin) (him)

• हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - I will kill

• तव (tava) - (Sugriva's) your (your)

• भार्यापहारिणम् (bhāryāpahāriṇam) - the abductor of your (Sugriva's) wife (Valin) (the abductor of your wife)

Words meanings and morphology

उपकारफलम् (upakāraphalam) - (a friend) whose result is helpful deeds (whose fruit is beneficence; characterized by helpfulness; resulting in assistance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upakāraphala

upakāraphala - result of beneficence, fruit of help

Compound of upakāra (help) + phala (fruit).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (upakāra+phala)

• upakāra – help, assistance, beneficence
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from upa-kṛ (to help).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'mitram'.

मित्रम् (mitram) - a true friend (friend)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

अपकारः (apakāraḥ) - hostility (harm; injury; hostility)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apakāra

apakāra - harm, injury, hostility

Derived from apa-kṛ (to harm).

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

अरि (ari) - enemy

(noun)

masculine, singular of ari

ari - enemy, foe

Note: First part of the compound 'arilakṣaṇam'.

लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - characteristic (of an enemy) (characteristic; mark; sign)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - mark, sign, characteristic

From root lakṣ (to perceive, mark).

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: Forms the compound 'arilakṣaṇam', predicate nominative for 'apakāraḥ'.

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

एव (eva) - itself (emphasizing 'today') (just; indeed; only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'adya' (today).

तम् (tam) - him (Valin) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of 'haniṣyāmi', refers to Valin.

हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - I will kill

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb, Rama as the speaker.

तव (tava) - (Sugriva's) your (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, qualifies 'bhāryāpahāriṇam' (specifically 'bhāryā').

भार्यापहारिणम् (bhāryāpahāriṇam) - the abductor of your (Sugriva's) wife (Valin) (the abductor of your wife)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāryāpahārin

bhāryāpahārin - abductor of a wife

Agent noun

Compound of bhāryā (wife) + apahārin (abductor).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhāryā+apahārin)

• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
  Gerundive/Past Passive Participle (fem.)
  From root bhṛ (to support, bear), meaning 'she who is to be supported/maintained'.
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• apahārin – abductor, remover
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root hṛ with prefix apa
  Derived from apa-hṛ (to carry away, abduct) with suffix -in.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'tam' (him), referring to Valin.